Document (#43780)

Author
Ermert, A.
Title
Normen und Standardisierung im Informationsbereich
Source
Grundlagen der Informationswissenschaft. Hrsg.: Rainer Kuhlen, Dirk Lewandowski, Wolfgang Semar und Christa Womser-Hacker. 7., völlig neu gefasste Ausg
Imprint
Berlin : DeGruyter
Year
2023
Pages
S.123-134
Abstract
Für die Präsentation von Informationsgehalten, für die Bewahrung, das Wiederauffinden (Retrieval) und ihre gezielte Wiederverwendung hat Strukturierung, Organisation, Gleichförmigkeit schon immer eine wichtige Rolle gespielt. Mit z. B. Zedlers und Krünitz' "Encyclopädien" im 18. Jahrhundert, biologischer und chemischer Nomenklatur oder dem "Urmeter" in Paris 1875 (s. Muschalla 1992) findet dies deutlichen Niederschlag, ebenso im Informationsbereich. Der große Bereich, in dem die Durchsetzung international einheitlicher Standardisierung/Normung allerdings bisher nicht gelungen ist, sind die metrischen Maße (DIN 1301, ISO 80 000 [früher ISO 31, ISO 1000]) (und die Papierformate DIN ISO 216, früher DIN 476). Immer aber zeigt sich auch an solchen Beispielen, dass (der Sinn und Erfolg von) Normung stets in einem Wechselverhältnis steht zwischen Ersparnis, Aufwand und Kosten des Umstellens und dem Nutzen sowie der Umgewöhnung der Anwendenden andererseits. Immerhin bilden sich im Lauf der Entwicklung jedenfalls meist auch "Quasi-Standards/defacto-Standards" heraus, die aufgrund vorherrschender Position eines Akteurs oder eingespielter Praktiken entstehen, sowie "Bereichsstandards", die generell einheitliches Vorgehen immerhin in einem abgegrenzten Bereich etablieren - beides z. B. als innerbetriebliche Standards eines Unternehmens oder als "Industriestandards" eines Bereichs.
Footnote
Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110769043.

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