Document (#34864)

Author
King, B.E.
Reinold, K.
Title
Finding the concept, not just the word : a librarian's guide to ontologies and semantics
Imprint
Oxford : Chandos
Year
2008
Pages
XXI, 202 S
Isbn
1-84334-318-5 *
1-84334-319-3
Series
Chandos information professional series
Abstract
Aimed at students and professionals within Library and Information Services (LIS), this book is about the power and potential of ontologies to enhance the electronic search process. The book will compare search strategies and results in the current search environment and demonstrate how these could be transformed using ontologies and concept searching. Simple descriptions, visual representations, and examples of ontologies will bring a full understanding of how these concept maps are constructed to enhance retrieval through natural language queries. Readers will gain a sense of how ontologies are currently being used and how they could be applied in the future, encouraging them to think about how their own work and their users' search experiences could be enhanced by the creation of a customized ontology. Key Features Written by a librarian, for librarians (most work on ontologies is written and read by people in computer science and knowledge management) Written by a librarian who has created her own ontology and performed research on its capabilities Written in easily understandable language, with concepts broken down to the basics The Author Ms. King is the Information Specialist at the Center on Media and Child Health at Children's Hospital Boston. She is a graduate of Smith College (B.A.) and Simmons College (M.L.I.S.). She is an active member of the Special Libraries Association, and was the recipient of the 2005 SLA Innovation in Technology Award for the creation of a customized media effects ontology used for semantic searching. Readership The book is aimed at practicing librarians and information professionals as well as graduate students of Library and Information Science. Contents Introduction Part 1: Understanding Ontologies - organising knowledge; what is an ontology? How are ontologies different from other knowledge representations? How are ontologies currently being used? Key concepts Ontologies in semantic search - determining whether a search was successful; what does semantic search have to offer? Semantic techniques; semantic searching behind the scenes; key concepts Creating an ontology - how to create an ontology; key concepts Building an ontology from existing components - choosing components; customizing your knowledge structure; key concepts Part 2: Semantic Technologies Natural language processing - tagging parts of speech; grammar-based NLP; statistical NLP; semantic analysis,; current applications of NLP; key concepts Using metadata to add semantic information - structured languages; metadata tagging; semantic tagging; key concepts Other semantic capabilities - semantic classification; synsets; topic maps; rules and inference; key concepts Part 3: Case Studies: Theory into Practice Biogen Idec: using semantics in drug discovery research - Biogen Idec's solution; the future The Center on Media and Child Health: using an ontology to explore the effects of media - building the ontology; choosing the source; implementing and comparing to Boolean search; the future Partners HealthCare System: semantic technologies to improve clinical decision support - the medical appointment; partners healthcare system's solution; lessons learned; the future MINDSWAP: using ontologies to aid terrorism; intelligence gathering - building, using and maintaining the ontology; sharing information with other experts; future plans Part 4: Advanced Topics Languages for expressing ontologies - XML; RDF; OWL; SKOS; Ontology language features - comparison chart Tools for building ontologies - basic criteria when evaluating ontologies Part 5: Transitions to the Future
Footnote
Rez. in: Mitt. VÖB 62(2009) H.2, S.92-96 (O. Oberhauser): "... Ein kurzes Fazit: Ein lesenswertes Buch, das insbesondere jenen, die sich bislang noch nicht mit Ontologien und semantischen Techniken befasst haben, einen nützlichen ersten Einblick zu geben vermag. Nichts hingegen für Spezialisten, denn der Text kann auf den verfügbaren Seiten an keiner Stelle wirklich in die Tiefe gehen. Insbesondere die beiden ersten Hauptabschnitte sind auch als Lehrtext gut geeignet, selbst wenn an verschiedenen Stellen die Präzision zu wünschen übrig lässt. Gar zu nonchalant wird hier nämlich mit Grundbegriffen der Wissensorganisation umgegangen - z.B. wird der Informationsthesaurus nicht ausreichend vom Synonymenwörterbuch (Roget's) abgegrenzt, Klassifikationssysteme werden durchweg als Taxonomien (mit reduziertem Anspruchsniveau) verkauft. Und: zum Themenbereich "automatisches Klassifizieren" fällt den Autorinnen lediglich das reichlich angestaubte System Scorpion von OCLC ein. Mit diesen kleinen Einschränkungen kann das Werk aber durchaus empfohlen werden. Der Ladenpreis ist natürlich für Studierende bzw. persönliche Käufer zu hoch, doch das Buch wird wohl ohnedies vornehmlich institutionelle Abnehmer finden."
Theme
Wissensrepräsentation
LCSH
Ontologies (Information retrieval)
DDC
025.3
GHBS
BCAC (FH K)

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