Document (#27940)

Author

Bohnert, R.

Title

Technologietransfer

Source

Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis

Imprint

München : Saur

Year

2004

Pages

S.445-452

Abstract

Der Technologietransfer bezieht seine Bedeutung und Begründung aus den zwei Annahmen, - dass es eine Diskrepanz zwischen der Menge des produzierten technologischen Wissens und seiner tatsächlichen Verwendung in der Gesellschaft gibt, und - dass das Schließen oder Verringern dieser Diskrepanz gesamtgesellschaftlich wünschenswert ist. Bei der Beschäftigung mit dem Thema Technologietransfer wird auf analytischer Ebene untersucht, wo in der Gesellschaft technisches Wissen entsteht, in welchen Bereichen es ökonomisch verwandt wird, wie die "Diffusion" des technischen Wissens zwischen verschiedenen Bereichen der Gesellschaft vonstatten geht, und vor allem welche Umstände dafür verantwortlich sind, dass nicht alles Wissen dort zur Verfügung steht, wo ein gesellschaftlicher Bedarf besteht. Praktisch bedeutet Technologietransfer die Auseinandersetzung mit der Frage, wie die Grenzen, die der breitest möglichen Nutzung des vorhandenen Wissens im Wege stehen, aus dem Weg geräumt werden können. Dabei ist der ökonomische Hintergrund zu beachten, vor dem die Beschäftigung mit dem Thema "Technologietransfer" stattfindet: Technologie wird als Motor der Innovation angesehen, die die Wettbewerbsposition des einzelnen Unternehmens sichert oder ausbaut und im volkswirtschaftlichen Zusammenhang die Wettbewerbs- und Leistungsfähigkeit fördert und damit das wirtschaftliche Wachstum sichert.
Technologietransfer ist - in Anlehnung an die Definition von Corsten - kein Selbstzweck sondern der "planvolle, zeitlich limitierte Prozess der Übertragung einer Technologie, sowohl inter- als auch intrasystemar, zur Reduzierung der Diskrepanz von potentiellem und aktuellem Nutzungsgrad einer Technologie, die beim Technologienehmer mit dem Ziel der organisatorischen und/oder technologischen Veränderungen im Hinblick auf unternehmerische und/oder volkswirtschaftliche Innovation oder Diffusion einhergeht". Transferiert werden sollen dabei Technologien, die entweder: - ökonomisch relevant und bereits in der Anwendung befindlich sind, oder - ökonomisch relevant, technisch realisierbar, aber noch nicht in der Anwendung befindlich sind, oder - ökonomisch noch nicht relevant, technisch aber realisierbar erscheinen oder - ökonomisch noch nicht relevant und technisch noch nicht ausgereift sind. Die Betonung liegt in diesen Fällen auf dem "noch". Das ökonomische Interesse steht vielleicht nicht immer im Vordergrund, immer aber am Ende der Transferketten: Abb. 1 verdeutlicht zudem, dass Technologietransfer sowohl innerorganisatorisch (beispielsweise von der Forschungsabteilung eines Unternehmens in die Entwicklungsabteilung) als auch intraorganisatorisch stattfinden kann, dass Technologietransfer als horizontaler Technologietransfer auf der selben Technologiestufe, als vertikaler Technologietransfer, von der Grundlagenforschung in die angewandte Forschung, beziehungsweise von dort in die Produktentwicklung stattfinden kann.

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5. Mautrich, M.: ¬Die Call Center-Euphorie : eine echte Chance für verbesserte und neue Dienstleistungen der Informationsspezialisten? (2000) 0.15

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