Document (#27924)

Author
Kobsa, A.
Title
Adaptive Verfahren : Benutzermodellierung
Source
Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis
Imprint
München : Saur
Year
2004
Pages
S.299-302
Abstract
Informationssysteme werden laufend komplexer und funktionsreicher und die damit zugreifbaren Informationsräume immer umfangreicher. Auf der anderen Seite steigt die Anzahl und insbesondere auch die Vielfalt der Nutzer solcher Systeme. Der weitaus größte Anteil von neuen Nutzern sind dabei keine technischen Experten, sondern Berufstätige in nicht-technischen Disziplinen, ältere Personen und Kinder. Diese Computerbenutzer weisen große Unterschiede auf in Bezug auf ihre Computererfahrung, Fachkenntnisse, Aufgaben und Ziele, Motivation und Stimmungslage, als auch ihre intellektuellen und physischen Fähigkeiten. Um diesen sehr heterogenen Nutzergruppen trotzdem zu ermöglichen, die Komplexität und Reichhaltigkeit gegenwärtiger Informationssysteme zu bewältigen, wurde die Benutzung dieser Systeme bisher sehr einfach gestaltet, und damit auf den "kleinsten gemeinsamen Nenner" aller Benutzer abgestellt. Zunehmend können solche Systeme jedoch manuell auf die individuellen Bedürfnisse jedes einzelnen Benutzers einstellt werden. Einige neuere Systeme gehen noch darüber hinaus: Sie sind innerhalb gewisser Grenzen in der Lage, Benutzerbedürfnisse selbst zu erkennen und sich entsprechend anzupassen. Die Terminologie von Oppermann aufgreifend wollen wir hier die erstere Art von Anwendung als "(benutzer)-adaptierbar" bezeichnen und die letztere als "(benutzer)-adaptiv". Die im System gespeicherten Informationen oder Annahmen über den Benutzer werden üblicherweise "Benutzermodell" oder "Benutzerprofil" genannt.

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