Document (#23007)

Author

Capurro, R.

Title

¬Die Welt - ein Traum? : Wie die Welt zum Schein wurde

Source

Wechselwirkung. 21(1999) Nr.98, S.10-17

Year

1999

Abstract

'Wie die Welt zum Schein wurde', so lautet der an Nietzsche erinnernde Untertitel, dem drei Begriffe vorangestellt sind, nämlich Virtualität, Illusion, Wirklichkeit. Deutet man diese Trias im Sinne einer Abschwächung, dann gilt die Wirklichkeit, entgegen der üblichen Meinung, als der schwächste Modus des Seins, die Virtualität als der stärkste und die Illusion als eine an Virtualität und Wirklichkeit teilhabende Seinsweise. Mit Virtualität ist aber nicht ein allgemeiner Begriff gemeint, sondern zur Debatte steht die durch die digitalen Medien erzeugte Virtualität. Bis vor kurzem vermochten wir die Welt der technisch produzierten Bilder im Film und Fernsehen als Einbildungen oder Abbildungen der Wirklichkeit zu bestimmen. Aber es war ein Kampf auf verlorenem Posten. Die Digitaltechnik kehrt alle Verhältnisse um. Man könnte von einer digitalen Ontologie sprechen. Das, was digitalisierbar ist, ist. Esse est computari, so müßte heute Bischof George Berkeley (1685-1753) seine Behauptung modifizieren, das Sein der Dinge sei ihr Wahrgenommensem ("Their esse is percipi") (Berkeley 1965: 62). Sein ist gleichzusetzen mit informationstechnischer Berechenbarkeit. Ein neues Seinsgeschick bestimmt, Heideggerianisch gesprochen, unser Seinsverständnis. Ein anderer Zeuge aus der philosophischen Ahnengalerie würde diese Situation so ausdrücken: Was vernünftig ist, das ist virtuell; und was virtuell ist, das ist vernünftig. Die Virtualität und nicht die Wirklichkeit ist der Maßstab des Seins. Karl Marx wäre mit dieser neuen Form des Hegelschen Idealismus ganz und gar unzufrieden. Er würde versuchen die Sache revolutionär abermals umzukehren, so daß die scheinbare Realität des Virtuellen unter den kritischen Blick des Ideologieverdachts käme. Hinter der neuen Ontologie verbirgt sich ein Klassenkontlikt zwischen der Macht des Kapitals und dem Informationsproletariat

Theme

Information

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