Document (#35186)

Author

Münker, S.

Title

Was heißt eigentlich: »Virtuelle Realität«? : Ein philosophischer Kommentar zum neuesten Versuch der Verdopplung der Welt

Source

Mythos Internet. Hrsg.: Stefan Münker, u. Alexander Roesler

Imprint

Frankfurt : Suhrkamp

Year

1997

Pages

S.108-127

Series

Edition Suhrkamp ; 2010

Abstract

»Virtuelle Realität« ist der allgemeine Titel für die unterschiedlichsten Formen computergenerierter Nachbildungen der Wirklichkeit - von den textbasierten virtuellen Gemeinschaften der MUDs und MOOs des Internet bis hin zu den multimedialen Environments aus den High-End Rechnern der avancierten Laboratorien ziviler wie militärischer Forschung oder der Studios Hollywoods. Die radikalste Version der virtuellen Realität aber ist die anstehende Erzeugung einer digitalen Simulation dreidimensionaler Räumlichkeit im globalen Computernetz, kurz: der Cyberspace. Ihn auszubauen, ist eines der gemeinschaftlichen Ziele einer großen Koalition von privaten Computeranwendern und den Produzenten der Soft- sowie Hardwareindustrie; die Resultate vom eigenen Rechner oder von öffentlichen Terminals aus zu betreten, ist en vogue schon, bevor es sich lohnt. Um mit den zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt verfügbaren technischen Mitteln in den kybernetischen Raum der multimedialen virtuellen Realität einzudringen, stülpen wir uns einen mit sensiblen Sensoren ausgerüsteten Datenhandschuh über und setzen uns einen mit hochauflösenden Monitoren und highfidelityfähigen Lautsprechern ausgerüsteten Datenhelm auf - wenn wir nicht gleich ganz in den Datenanzug schlüpfen. Das Bild ist bekannt; die ersten Cybernauten, Avantgarde des technologischen Fortschritts, erscheinen dabei im Zeitalter der Mikroelektronik dank ihrer voluminanten Ausrüstung bereits heute als antiquiert. Das allerdings ist lediglich ein Hinweis darauf daß die Perfektionierung schon absehbar ist. Die Prolepse der perfekten virtuellen Realität ist es, der sie ihren Namen - und ihren Ruf verdankt. Proportional zu der Kapazität des Rechners, welcher die Simulation erzeugt, nimmt unsere Fähigkeit ab, sie als Simulation überhaupt noch wahrzunehmen. Darin gründet die Faszination der virtuellen Welten. Der Schein der Simulation, keine zu sein, hat den Mythos begründet, sie sei mehr als bloße Illusion, eine ganz eigene und ganz wirkliche Welt; kein Teil der empirischen, sondern eine dieser irgendwie parallel liegenden, kybernetischen Nebenwelt im digitalen Raum: eben die virtuelle Realität. Doch - was heißt eigentlich: »Virtuelle Realität«?

Theme

Internet

Field

Kommunikationswissenschaften

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