Document (#7883)

Author
Childers, T.A.
Title
California's reference crisis
Source
Library journal. 119(1994) no.7, S.32-35
Year
1994
Abstract
Describes the crisis facing public library reference services in California brought about by the state economy's dependence upon a shrinking defence industry and a population shift that has decreased per capital income and increased the proportion of people in need. California libraries are being squeezed between increasing reference requests and reduced capacity. Points to solutions based on the improvement of enquiry turnaround times, improved reference resources, and electronic information technologies that have broadened access to answers and source documents

Similar documents (author)

  1. Childers, T.: Information and referral : public libraries (1983) 5.94
    5.9401517 = sum of:
      5.9401517 = weight(author_txt:childers in 3794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.9401517 = fieldWeight in 3794, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3794)
    
  2. Childers, T.: ¬The quality of reference services : still moot after 20 years (1987) 5.94
    5.9401517 = sum of:
      5.9401517 = weight(author_txt:childers in 4622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.9401517 = fieldWeight in 4622, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4622)
    
  3. Childers, M.: Using the OCLC GOVDOC service (1992) 5.94
    5.9401517 = sum of:
      5.9401517 = weight(author_txt:childers in 5537) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.9401517 = fieldWeight in 5537, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5537)
    
  4. Childers, T.: ¬The quality of reference : still moot after 20 years (1987) 5.94
    5.9401517 = sum of:
      5.9401517 = weight(author_txt:childers in 5829) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.9401517 = fieldWeight in 5829, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5829)
    
  5. Childers, T.A.: Using public library reference collections and staff (1997) 5.94
    5.9401517 = sum of:
      5.9401517 = weight(author_txt:childers in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.9401517 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Numminen, P.; Vakkari, P.: Question types in public libraries' digital reference service in Finland : comparing 1999 and 2006 (2009) 0.09
    0.08817497 = sum of:
      0.08817497 = product of:
        0.5510936 = sum of:
          0.11369768 = weight(abstract_txt:proportion in 3850) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11369768 = score(doc=3850,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14901854 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2177644 = boost
                6.905677 = idf(docFreq=120, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.7629767 = fieldWeight in 3850, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.905677 = idf(docFreq=120, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3850)
          0.08249574 = weight(abstract_txt:reduced in 3850) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08249574 = score(doc=3850,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15160152 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.228273 = boost
                6.965269 = idf(docFreq=113, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.5441617 = fieldWeight in 3850, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.965269 = idf(docFreq=113, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3850)
          0.18103614 = weight(abstract_txt:decreased in 3850) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.18103614 = score(doc=3850,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.20319644 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4220052 = boost
                8.063882 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.8909415 = fieldWeight in 3850, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                8.063882 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3850)
          0.17386398 = weight(abstract_txt:reference in 3850) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.17386398 = score(doc=3850,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.24920437 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495676 = boost
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.6976763 = fieldWeight in 3850, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3850)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)
    
  2. Childers, T.A.: Using public library reference collections and staff (1997) 0.07
    0.07388729 = sum of:
      0.07388729 = product of:
        0.46179557 = sum of:
          0.074935466 = weight(abstract_txt:brought in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.074935466 = score(doc=862,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14219168 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1895431 = boost
                6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.52700317 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
          0.08097992 = weight(abstract_txt:requests in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08097992 = score(doc=862,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14973873 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2207035 = boost
                6.922344 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.54080814 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.922344 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
          0.15530956 = weight(abstract_txt:california in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15530956 = score(doc=862,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.29122233 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4075232 = boost
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.53330237 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
          0.15057062 = weight(abstract_txt:reference in 862) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15057062 = score(doc=862,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.24920437 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495676 = boost
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.60420537 = fieldWeight in 862, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=862)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)
    
  3. Duckett, R.J.; Walker, P.; Donnelly, C.: Know it all, find it fast : an A-Z source guide for the enquiry desk (2008) 0.05
    0.05290533 = sum of:
      0.05290533 = product of:
        0.33065832 = sum of:
          0.035991263 = weight(abstract_txt:answers in 3786) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.035991263 = score(doc=3786,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12258758 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1045016 = boost
                6.263388 = idf(docFreq=229, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.29359633 = fieldWeight in 3786, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.263388 = idf(docFreq=229, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3786)
          0.04496128 = weight(abstract_txt:brought in 3786) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04496128 = score(doc=3786,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14219168 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1895431 = boost
                6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.31620193 = fieldWeight in 3786, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3786)
          0.14538738 = weight(abstract_txt:enquiry in 3786) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14538738 = score(doc=3786,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.19587524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3961526 = boost
                7.917278 = idf(docFreq=43, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.7422448 = fieldWeight in 3786, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                7.917278 = idf(docFreq=43, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3786)
          0.104318395 = weight(abstract_txt:reference in 3786) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.104318395 = score(doc=3786,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.24920437 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495676 = boost
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.4186058 = fieldWeight in 3786, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3786)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)
    
  4. Jumonville, F.M.: ¬The role of the state in the organization of statewide library service : Essae M. Culver, Louisiana's first state librarian (2004) 0.05
    0.05028328 = sum of:
      0.05028328 = product of:
        0.41902733 = sum of:
          0.054127857 = weight(abstract_txt:times in 1018) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.054127857 = score(doc=1018,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.11447126 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0673119 = boost
                6.0524936 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.47285107 = fieldWeight in 1018, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.0524936 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1018)
          0.20958991 = weight(abstract_txt:california's in 1018) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.20958991 = score(doc=1018,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.28226876 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.676002 = boost
                9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.74251896 = fieldWeight in 1018, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                9.504243 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1018)
          0.15530956 = weight(abstract_txt:california in 1018) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15530956 = score(doc=1018,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.29122233 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4075232 = boost
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.53330237 = fieldWeight in 1018, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1018)
        0.12 = coord(3/25)
    
  5. Park, H.O.: Use of the Internet via universal access workstation (1996) 0.05
    0.046510376 = sum of:
      0.046510376 = product of:
        0.5813797 = sum of:
          0.37274292 = weight(abstract_txt:california in 6462) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.37274292 = score(doc=6462,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.29122233 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4075232 = boost
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              1.2799256 = fieldWeight in 6462, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.82627 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44421)
                0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=6462)
          0.20863679 = weight(abstract_txt:reference in 6462) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.20863679 = score(doc=6462,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.24920437 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1495676 = boost
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.017720288 = queryNorm
              0.8372116 = fieldWeight in 6462, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.4651284 = idf(docFreq=1388, maxDocs=44421)
                0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=6462)
        0.08 = coord(2/25)