Document (#43541)

Author
Bach, N.
Title
¬Die nächste PID-Evolution : selbstsouverän, datenschutzfreundlich, dezentral
Source
o-bib: Das offene Bibliotheksjournal. 8(2021) Nr.4, S.1-20
Year
2021
Abstract
Dieser Beitrag behandelt den zuletzt vom W3C hervorgebrachten Standard für dezentrale Identi­fikatoren (Decentralized Identifiers, kurz: DIDs) in Bezug auf den Bereich des Forschungsdatenmanagements. Es wird dargelegt, dass die aktuell im wissenschaftlichen Publikationswesen häufig verwendeten persistenten Identifikatorensysteme (Persistent Identifiers, PIDs) wie Handle, DOI, ORCID und ROR aufgrund ihrer Zentralisierung fundamentale Probleme hinsichtlich der Daten­sicherheit, dem Datenschutz und bei der Sicherstellung der Datenintegrität aufweisen. Dem werden als mögliche Lösung das System der DIDs gegenübergestellt: eine neuartige Form von weltweit eindeutigen Identifikatoren, die durch jedes Individuum oder jede Organisation selbst generiert und auf jeder als vertrauenswürdig erachteten Plattform betrieben werden können. Blockchains oder andere Distributed-Legder-Technologien können dabei als vertrauenswürdige Datenregister fungieren, aber auch direkte Peer-to-Peer-Verbindungen, auf bestehende Internetprotokolle aufsetzende Methoden oder statische DIDs sind möglich. Neben dem Schema wird die technische Spezifikation im Sinne von Datenmodell und die Anwendung von DIDs erläutert sowie im Vergleich die Unterschiede zu zentralisierten PID-Systemen herausgestellt. Zuletzt wird der Zusammenhang mit dem zugrundeliegenden neuen Paradigma einer dezentralen Identität, der Self-Sovereign Identity, hergestellt. SSI repräsentiert ein gesamtes Ökosystem, in dem Entitäten ein kryptografisch gesichertes Vertrauensnetzwerk auf der Basis von DIDs und digitalen Identitätsnachweisen bilden, um dezentral manipulationsgesichert und datenschutzgerecht identitätsbezogene Daten auszutauschen. Zum Schluss der Abhandlung stellt der Autor fünf zuvor herausgearbeitete Anforderungen in Bezug auf eine zeitgemäße Umsetzung von persistenten Identifikatoren vor.
Content
https://www.o-bib.de/bib/article/view/5755/8591. https://doi.org/10.5282/o-bib/5755.
Footnote
Vgl. dazu die Anmerkungen von Markus Latour in Inetbib vom 31.03.2022.
Object
PID

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