Document (#40773)

Author

Henze, V.
Junger, U.
Mödden, E.

Title

Grundzüge und erste Schritte der künftigen inhaltlichen Erschliessung von Publikationen in der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek

Source

http://www.dnb.de/DE/Erwerbung/Inhaltserschliessung/grundzuegeInhaltserschliessungMai2017.html

Year

2017

Abstract

Die parallele Verbreitung von analogen und digitalen Informationen führt zu einer stetig ansteigenden Menge neu erscheinender Publikationen. Die Auswertungsmöglichkeiten digitaler Inhalte, die Kooperationsmöglichkeiten durch das Internet sowie die Entwicklung technischer Verfahren, Inhalte miteinander vernetzen und thematisch in Beziehung setzen zu können, lassen Raum, bibliothekarische Erschließungsverfahren neu zu denken. Erschließung muss dabei nicht mehr als einmaliger abgeschlossener Vorgang, sondern kann als zyklisches Verfahren betrachtet werden, bei dem Erschließungsdaten immer wieder verändert und aktualisiert werden. Im Strategischen Kompass 2025 der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek, der im vergangenen Jahr erschienen ist, wird die Neuausrichtung der inhaltlichen Erschließung mittels maschineller Verfahren im Grundsatz skizziert (Strategischer Kompass 2025, S. 5). Dieser strategischen Festlegung gingen fachliche Diskussionen sowohl hausintern als auch in den Gremien der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek voraus, im Erschließungskonzept 2015 ist die Entwicklung bereits kurz beschrieben. Von externen Kolleginnen und Kollegen kam immer wieder die Aufforderung an die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, sich hier stärker einzubringen und zu engagieren. In den Strategischen Prioritäten 2017-2020 wurden daher entsprechende Ziele formuliert, die bei der Erschließung sowohl der digitalen als auch der analogen Publikationen zum Tragen kommen sollen.
Bisher war die intellektuelle inhaltliche Erschließung nur auf einen Teil des Bibliothekszugangs, insbesondere gedruckte monografische Werke und Zeitschriftentitel, beschränkt. Für Online-Publikationen hat die DNB 2010 die Grundsatzentscheidung getroffen, diese nicht mehr intellektuell zu erschließen, sondern die Metadaten der Ablieferer nachzunutzen und maschinelle Verfahren zu entwickeln, um solche Publikationen zum Beispiel mit inhaltserschließenden Daten anzureichern. Dies wird seitdem praktiziert. Durch das enorme Anwachsen des digitalen Zugangs wird der Anteil intellektuell erschlossener Publikationen in Relation zu maschinell erstellten Daten immer geringer. Damit geht das Problem einher, dass die Heterogenität zunimmt und der thematische Zugriff auf Daten und damit Publikationen erschwert wird. Diesem Umstand will die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek durch den Umstieg auf automatische Inhaltserschließungsverfahren für alle Medienwerke entgegentreten. Im Sinne des oben genannten veränderten Verständnisses von Erschließung als zyklischem Vorgang können die maschinell entstandenen Metadaten zu jedem späteren Zeitpunkt erweitert und damit verbessert werden. Eine Metadatencodierung für den Datensatz oder die einzelnen Informationsanteile gibt Auskunft über deren Status. Identifikatoren für den Datensatz oder für einzelne Informationsanteile, wie zum Beispiel GND- oder WV-Identnummern dienen der Nachnutzung.

Content

Vgl. auch: Ceynowa, K.: In Frankfurt lesen jetzt zuerst Maschinen. Unter: http://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/buecher/maschinen-lesen-buecher-deutsche-nationalbibliothek-setzt-auf-technik-15128954.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_2.

Object

DNB

Location

D

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4. Woltering, H.: ¬Der automatische Download von Netzpublikationen durch Bibliotheken und ihre Nutzung (2008) 0.25

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5. Mödden, E.; Dreger, A.; Hommes, K.P.; Mohammadianbisheh, N.; Mölck, L.; Pinna, L.; Sitte-Zöllner, D.: ¬Der Weg zur Gründung der AG Erschließung ÖB-DNB und die Entwicklung eines maschinellen Verfahrens zur Verschlagwortung der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur mit GND-Vokabular (2020) 0.21

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