Document (#42890)

Author
Schiele, L.
Title
Wie entsteht eine soziale Wirklichkeit? : Einstieg in die Sozialontologie von John Searle
Imprint
Aachen : Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule / Philosophisches Institut
Year
2011
Pages
19 S
Isbn
978-3-668231-47-4
Abstract
In der folgenden Arbeit werde ich die Sozialontologie John Searles genauer betrachten. Das Ziel seiner Ausarbeitungen besteht darin, das Problem der Sozialontologie zu klären, das heißt herauszufinden, wie Menschen "eine 'soziale' Wirklichkeit kreieren" (Searle 2009, S. 505). Unser Hauptaugenmerk wird hierbei auf den Gegenstand der Sozialontologie, also auf soziale Prozesse und Tatsachen, soziale Objekte und Ereignisse, gelenkt sein. Generell versucht Searle durch seine Ausführungen zu klären, inwiefern institutionelle soziale Phänomene "über die Sozialontologie hinausgehen, die bei sozialen Tieren vorliegt" (Searle 2009, S. 512). Seine Arbeit ist demnach ein Versuch zu erklären, durch welche Merkmale die menschliche Sozialontologie der tierischen überlegen ist. Searle nimmt die soziale Wirklichkeit als menschliches Konstrukt an, die nur dadurch existiert, weil wir glauben und akzeptieren, dass sie existiert. Was macht etwa ein bedrucktes Stück Papier zu einem Geldschein mit einem bestimmten Wert? Wieso kann ein Tier dieselbe physische Beschaffenheit eines Geldscheins betrachten wie ein Mensch, aber doch nicht den Geldschein, sondern nur das bedruckte Papier sehen? In diesem Zusammenhang werden wir auf die drei Grundformeln Searles zur Beschreibung der Grundstruktur der sozial-institutionellen Wirklichkeit stoßen, und hierzu die kollektive Intentionalität, Statuszuschreibung und konstitutive Regeln und Prozeduren näher betrachten. Es soll beschrieben werden, wie zum Beispiel ein bedrucktes Stück Papier durch Statuszuweisung eine gewisse Macht erzeugt.
Footnote
Vgl.: https://www.grin.com/document/201580.
Field
Sozialwissenschaften
Philosophie

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