Document (#42607)

Author

Seer, V.

Title

Von der Schattenbibliothek zum Forschungskorpus : ein Gespräch über Sci-Hub und die Folgen für die Wissenschaft

Source

LIBREAS: Library ideas. no.32, 2017

Year

2017

Abstract

Die so genannten Schattenbibliotheken sind vermutlich die radikalste Form, um Beschränkungen des Zugangs zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur zu umgehen. Sie nutzen die Möglichkeiten digitaler Medien und Netze und vermitteln konsequent, niedrigschwellig und umfangreich den Zugang zu digitalen Kopien von Monographien und Aufsätzen. Obschon offensichtlich in vielen Fällen urheberrechtswidrig, erfreuen sich diese Plattformen einer regen Nachfrage und zwar naturgemäß vor allem aus dem Bereich der Wissenschaft. Es scheint, als würden die Schattenbibliotheken Versorgungslücken schließen, die auch vergleichsweise gut ausgestattete Hochschulbibliotheken haben. Einer weiterer Aspekt könnte sein, dass die sehr einfache Benutzbarkeit verbunden mit der Aussicht, ein Paper garantiert herunterladen zu können, den Umweg über VPN-Einwahl und Bibliotheks-Login unattraktiv macht. Werden Schattenbibliotheken somit zur Konkurrenz für Hochschulbibliotheken? Und mit welcher Motivation setzen sich die Betreiber dieser Plattformen einer möglichen Strafverfolgung, die im Kontext der jüngsten Urteile nun wahrscheinlicher wird, aus? Im Juni diesen Jahres bekam der Wissenschaftsverlag Elsevier, der Gewinnmargen von 37% erzielt (siehe Holcombe 2015), von einem US-Gericht knapp 13 Millionen Euro Schadensersatz für die nicht genehmigte Verbreitung von 100 wissenschaftlichen Artikeln (siehe Scherschel 2017 und Strecker 2017) zugesprochen. Die Fachgesellschaft American Chemical Society (ACS) erhielt in einem zweiten Urteil den Anspruch auf knapp 4,1 Millionen Euro Schadenersatz für 32 zu Unrecht kopierte und verbreitete Werke (Siehe Ernesto 2017). Neben der zunehmenden Kriminalisierung erfährt Sci-Hub jedoch auch großen Zuspruch, der sich neben der starken Nutzung auch in Solidaritätsbekundungen manifestiert (siehe Barok, D. et al 2015).
LIBREAS hatte die Gelegenheit, sich mit einer an der Plattform Sci-Hub beteiligten Person zu unterhalten. Das Interview und die damit verbundenen informationsethischen Fragestellungen führten dabei redaktionsintern zu einigen Diskussionen. Auch stand die Frage im Raum, ob der Text überhaupt veröffentlicht werden sollte. Sci-Hub kann jedoch als mittlerweile sehr großer potentieller Forschungskorpus sowie aufgrund seiner starken Nutzung als wissenschaftliches Instrument trotz seines rechtlichen Status nicht ignoriert werden. Wir haben versucht, einzelne Behauptungen im Text mit Quellen zu belegen. Naturgemäß sind jedoch nicht sämtliche Angaben verifizierbar. Daher haben wir uns entschlossen größtenteils möglichst direkt die Aussagen des Interviewpartners wiederzugeben. Alle redaktionellen Anmerkungen sind durch eckige Klammern gekennzeichnet. Das Gespräch für LIBREAS führten Linda Freyberg und Ben Kaden.

Content

Vgl.: http://libreas.eu/ausgabe32/scihub/.

Theme

Elektronisches Publizieren

Object

Sci-Hub

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5. Sühl-Strohmenger, W.: ¬Das Netzwerk Informationskompetenz der baden-württembergischen Hochschul- und Landesbibliotheken (2006) 0.17

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