Document (#41991)

Author

Melo, P.F.
Dalip, D.H.
Junior, M.M.
Gonçalves, M.A.
Benevenuto, F.

Title

10SENT : a stable sentiment analysis method based on the combination of off-the-shelf approaches

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 70(2019) no.3, S.242-255

Year

2019

Abstract

Sentiment analysis has become a very important tool for analysis of social media data. There are several methods developed, covering distinct aspects of the problem and disparate strategies. However, no single technique fits well in all cases or for all data sources. Supervised approaches may be able to adapt to specific situations, but require manually labeled training, which is very cumbersome and expensive to acquire, mainly for a new application. In this context, we propose to combine several popular and effective state-of-the-practice sentiment analysis methods by means of an unsupervised bootstrapped strategy. One of our main goals is to reduce the large variability (low stability) of the unsupervised methods across different domains. The experimental results demonstrate that our combined method (aka, 10SENT) improves the effectiveness of the classification task, considering thirteen different data sets. Also, it tackles the key problem of cross-domain low stability and produces the best (or close to best) results in almost all considered contexts, without any additional costs (e.g., manual labeling). Finally, we also investigate a transfer learning approach for sentiment analysis to gather additional (unsupervised) information for the proposed approach, and we show the potential of this technique to improve our results.

Content

Vgl.: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/23301643/2019/70/3.

Similar documents (author)

1. Sant'Ana, R.C. Gonçalves => Gonçalves Sant'Ana, R.C.: 4.54

   4.5427933 = sum of:
     4.5427933 = weight(author_txt:gonçalves in 732) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5427933 = fieldWeight in 732, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=732)
   

2. Sant'Ana, R.C. Gonçalves => Gonçalves Sant'Ana, R.C.: 4.54

   4.5427933 = sum of:
     4.5427933 = weight(author_txt:gonçalves in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5427933 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
   

3. Gonçalves, F.; David, G.: Risks and requirements of an applied information science research framework in healthcare (2018) 4.28

   4.2829866 = sum of:
     4.2829866 = weight(author_txt:gonçalves in 771) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.2829866 = fieldWeight in 771, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=771)
   

4. Silva, R.M.; Gonçalves, M.A.; Veloso, A.: ¬A Two-stage active learning method for learning to rank (2014) 3.21

   3.21224 = sum of:
     3.21224 = weight(author_txt:gonçalves in 2184) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.21224 = fieldWeight in 2184, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2184)
   

5. Belém, F.M.; Almeida, J.M.; Gonçalves, M.A.: ¬A survey on tag recommendation methods : a review (2017) 3.21

   3.21224 = sum of:
     3.21224 = weight(author_txt:gonçalves in 4524) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.21224 = fieldWeight in 4524, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4524)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Yu, N.: Exploring co-training strategies for opinion detection (2014) 0.49

   0.49131852 = sum of:
     0.49131852 = product of:
       1.2282963 = sum of:
         0.1475437 = weight(abstract_txt:labeled in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1475437 = score(doc=2503,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.13967852 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0121826 = boost
               7.558333 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.0563091 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               7.558333 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.027102707 = weight(abstract_txt:problem in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027102707 = score(doc=2503,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09724284 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1943672 = boost
               4.4593854 = idf(docFreq=1396, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.2787116 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4593854 = idf(docFreq=1396, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.028758628 = weight(abstract_txt:several in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028758628 = score(doc=2503,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10116446 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2182125 = boost
               4.548416 = idf(docFreq=1277, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.284276 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.548416 = idf(docFreq=1277, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.042019486 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042019486 = score(doc=2503,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10338869 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2315316 = boost
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.40642247 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.04147395 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04147395 = score(doc=2503,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.08134786 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3379127 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.5098346 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.027291311 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027291311 = score(doc=2503,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08876039 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3975402 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.30747172 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.053512912 = weight(abstract_txt:technique in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053512912 = score(doc=2503,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15304586 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4983727 = boost
               5.5944448 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.3496528 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5944448 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.03261162 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03261162 = score(doc=2503,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12592961 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6646334 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.25896704 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.09068535 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09068535 = score(doc=2503,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.16248135 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4410734 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.55812776 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
         0.7372967 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 2503) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.7372967 = score(doc=2503,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.55410326 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0319896 = boost
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.3306124 = fieldWeight in 2503, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2503)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

2. Thelwall, M.; Buckley, K.; Paltoglou, G.: Sentiment strength detection for the social web (2012) 0.36

   0.35635465 = sum of:
     0.35635465 = product of:
       1.2726952 = sum of:
         0.01600298 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01600298 = score(doc=972,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06844101 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0019989 = boost
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.2338215 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.029712265 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029712265 = score(doc=972,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10338869 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2315316 = boost
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.2873841 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.023944996 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023944996 = score(doc=972,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08134786 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3379127 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.29435313 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.027291311 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027291311 = score(doc=972,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08876039 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3975402 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.30747172 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.06412423 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06412423 = score(doc=972,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.16248135 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4410734 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.3946559 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.28729665 = weight(abstract_txt:unsupervised in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28729665 = score(doc=972,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.42634055 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0629013 = boost
               7.62393 = idf(docFreq=58, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.67386657 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.62393 = idf(docFreq=58, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
         0.82432276 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 972) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.82432276 = score(doc=972,freq=10.0), product of:
             0.55410326 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0319896 = boost
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.48767 = fieldWeight in 972, product of:
               3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                 10.0 = termFreq=10.0
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=972)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Zhang, C.; Zeng, D.; Li, J.; Wang, F.-Y.; Zuo, W.: Sentiment analysis of Chinese documents : from sentence to document level (2009) 0.31

   0.30501783 = sum of:
     0.30501783 = product of:
       0.95318073 = sum of:
         0.028289536 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028289536 = score(doc=283,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06844101 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0019989 = boost
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.41334188 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.0347848 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0347848 = score(doc=283,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09896969 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2049254 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.35146925 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.052524358 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052524358 = score(doc=283,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10338869 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2315316 = boost
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.5080281 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.045572538 = weight(abstract_txt:very in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045572538 = score(doc=283,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11849808 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3184532 = boost
               4.922683 = idf(docFreq=878, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.3845846 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.922683 = idf(docFreq=878, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.034114137 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034114137 = score(doc=283,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08876039 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3975402 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.38433966 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.04076452 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04076452 = score(doc=283,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12592961 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6646334 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.3237088 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.06544651 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06544651 = score(doc=283,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16248135 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4410734 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.402794 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
         0.65168434 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.65168434 = score(doc=283,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.55410326 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0319896 = boost
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.1761063 = fieldWeight in 283, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=283)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Xu, L.; Qiu, J.: Unsupervised multi-class sentiment classification approach (2019) 0.29

   0.29470807 = sum of:
     0.29470807 = product of:
       1.2279503 = sum of:
         0.048199236 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048199236 = score(doc=3,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.09896969 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2049254 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.4870101 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
         0.027291311 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027291311 = score(doc=3,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08876039 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3975402 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.30747172 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
         0.04611979 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04611979 = score(doc=3,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12592961 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6646334 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.3662347 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
         0.03702214 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03702214 = score(doc=3,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16248135 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4410734 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.2278547 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
         0.28729665 = weight(abstract_txt:unsupervised in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28729665 = score(doc=3,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.42634055 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0629013 = boost
               7.62393 = idf(docFreq=58, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.67386657 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.62393 = idf(docFreq=58, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
         0.7820212 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 3) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.7820212 = score(doc=3,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.55410326 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0319896 = boost
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.4113276 = fieldWeight in 3, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Bi, Y.: Sentiment classification in social media data by combining triplet belief functions (2022) 0.28

   0.28372526 = sum of:
     0.28372526 = product of:
       1.0133045 = sum of:
         0.020003723 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020003723 = score(doc=1614,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06844101 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0019989 = boost
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.29227686 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.049193144 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049193144 = score(doc=1614,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09896969 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2049254 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.4970526 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.06821933 = weight(abstract_txt:best in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06821933 = score(doc=1614,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12307528 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3436757 = boost
               5.0168557 = idf(docFreq=799, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.55428946 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.0168557 = idf(docFreq=799, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.034114137 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034114137 = score(doc=1614,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08876039 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3975402 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.38433966 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.06689114 = weight(abstract_txt:technique in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06689114 = score(doc=1614,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15304586 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4983727 = boost
               5.5944448 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.437066 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5944448 = idf(docFreq=448, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.046277676 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.046277676 = score(doc=1614,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16248135 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4410734 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             0.28481838 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
         0.7286053 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 1614) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.7286053 = score(doc=1614,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.55410326 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0319896 = boost
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018257644 = queryNorm
             1.3149269 = fieldWeight in 1614, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               7.5270805 = idf(docFreq=64, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1614)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)