Document (#41582)

Author

Schlicht, T.

Title

Soziale Kognition zur Einführung

Imprint

Hamburg : Junius

Year

2018

Pages

280 S

Isbn

978-3-88506-810-5

Abstract

Der Mensch ist ein zutiefst soziales Wesen, unser Leben ist ohne zwischenmenschliche Interaktion undenkbar. Ständig machen wir uns das Verhalten anderer verständlich, indem wir ihnen Gefühle, Meinungen und Absichten zuschreiben, und oft meinen wir die Gedanken anderer ziemlich genau zu kennen. Wie gelingt uns das Gedankenlesen? Ist diese Fähigkeit angeboren oder erlernen wir sie in unserer Kindheit? Und welche Strategien ermöglichen uns den Zugriff auf den Geist anderer? Simulieren wir diese, ziehen wir Schlüsse anhand einer Art Alltagspsychologie oder können wir auch direkt wahrnehmen, was jemand fühlt? Dieser Band richtet sich an Philosophen, Psychologen, Neurowissenschaftler sowie interessierte Laien und gibt einschlägige philosophische Antworten auf die entscheidenden Fragen der sozialen Kognition.

Footnote

Rez. unter: spektrum.de (07.12.2018), https://www.spektrum.de/rezension/buckritik-zu-soziale-kognition-zur-einfuehrung/1609234 (Ayan, Steve: "Im Kopf der anderen"): "Kennen Sie »Legilimentik«? Dies ist die Bezeichnung für Lord Voldemorts Fähigkeit, »in die Köpfe seiner Opfer einzudringen«. Wir sprechen hier, klar, von der fiktionalen Welt in J. K. Rowlings »Harry Potter«, doch der Bochumer Neurophilosoph Tobias Schlicht benutzt dieses Beispiel, um auf die geradezu magische Kraft des Gedankenlesens hinzuweisen. Wir sind laufend dabei, uns in die mentalen Zustände - Gedanken, Erwartungen, Absichten, Gefühle und Einstellungen - unserer Mitmenschen einzufinden, und was wir dabei entdecken, prägt auch unser eigenes Selbstbild zutiefst. Ausgehend von dieser Erkenntnis, die in der Neurowissenschaft in den letzten Jahren immer mehr Aufmerksamkeit erregte, stellt Schlicht die wichtigsten theoretischen Ansätze zur Erklärung dieses Phänomens dar. Für alle an Hirnforschung, Psychologie und der Philosophie des Geistes Interessierte gibt der Autor einen ebenso gut lesbaren wie fundierten Überblick zu einem Feld, das viele verschiedene Namen trägt: Gedankenlesen, Fremdverstehen, Mentalisieren, Theory of Mind (ToM) sind nur die verbreitetsten. Im Dickicht der Fachbegriffe verliert man schon mal leicht den Überblick. Schlicht stellt grob zwei Gruppen von Modellen einander gegenüber: repräsentationistische Ansätze, die davon ausgehen, dass wir eine relativ feste, neuronal manifestierbare Abbildung oder Repräsen­tation unseres Gegenübers bilden, sowie enaktivistische Theorien, die davon ausgehen, dass es statt solcher Repräsentationen eher flexible Simulationen und andere Formen der Koaktivierung der zu Grunde liegenden Bedeutungsmuster gibt."

Field

Psychologie
Kognitionswissenschaft

RSWK

Soziale Wahrnehmung / Einführung

BK

08.44 (Sozialphilosophie)

DDC

150 / 23sdnb

GHBS

HRH (PB)

RVK

CC 7750

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