Document (#39560)

Author
Kuhlen, R.
Title
Wissensökologie : Wissen und Information als Commons (Gemeingüter)
Source
Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis. 6., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, W. Semar u. D. Strauch
Imprint
Berlin : DeGruyter-Saur
Year
2013
Pages
S.68-85
Abstract
Wissensökologie (knowledge ecology) ist ein noch ungewöhnlicher Begriff bzw. eine in der Kombination von Wissen und Ökologie für problematisch gehaltene Benennung Der dem Begriff zu Grunde liegende Anspruch dürfte unumstritten sein. Es geht um eine vernünftige, individuelle, soziale und kulturelle Entwicklung sowie politische Mitbestimmung und ökonomisches Wohlergehen sichernden und nachhaltigen Umgang mit den Ressourcen Wissen und Information. Umstritten allerdings sind die Wege, wie dieses Entwicklungsziel erreicht werden kann, und, weniger wichtig, umstritten, wie die Hinweisschilder auf diese Wege bezeichnet werden sollen, z. B. mit Wissensökologie oder Informationsökologie; auch Wissensallmende ist dafür ins Spiel gebracht worden. Es gibt keinen Konsens über eine Definition von Wissensökologie. Einige in die Nähe des Wissensmanagements gerückte Beispiele werden in den Beiträgen zu dem Band Knowledge Ecology Studies gegeben: "Knowledge ecology is an interdisciplinary field of management theory and practice .". Malhotra stellt Information ecology ebenfalls in den Zusammenhang von Knowledge management, andere zum Begriff der Innovation. Auf diesen Strang der Wissensökologie gehen wir im Weiteren nicht ein. Knowledge ecology wird auch im Zusammenhang mit Open Source-Software verwendet.
Die breiteste Definition stammt von Knowledge Ecology International: Dazu gehören "the social aspects of the creation, management and control of and access to knowledge resources", auch im Zusammenhang von intellectual "property rules" und "mechanisms to enhance access to knowledge, incentives and systems for the transfer of technology to developed countries", "efforts to protect privacy" und sogar "discourage nuclear proliferation", vor allem aber "issues as diverse as freedom of speech, authors' rights, access to public sector information, new models for publishing, organizing and sharing information", etc. etc. So breit angelegt, verschwimmt ein Begriff leicht ins Unverbindliche. Wissensökologie ist verwandt mit dem Begriff der Kommunikationsökologie, der schon Ende der 80er Jahre im Zusammenhang der Technikfolgenabschätzung entstanden ist. Angesichts weitgehender Eingriffe technisierter Kommunikation in alle individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Lebensbereiche/Umwelten sollen deren Auswirkungen auf Mensch, Natur und Gesellschaft untersucht und Vorschläge zur Entwicklung eines nachhaltigen und humanen Austauschs von technologieabhängiger Information entwickelt werden. Eine kommunikationsökologische Übertragung von Umweltverschmutzung in natürlichen Umgebungen auf solche in elektronischen Räumen (Spam, Datenmissbrauch, Orientierungslosigkeit, Verletzung von Privatheit) liegt nahe.
Content
Vgl.: "Die Wissenökologie kann als eigenständige Schule der deutschsprachigen Informationswissenschaft verstanden werden." [Zitat aus dem Namensartiekl zu Kuhlen in der Wikipedia]. Vgl. auch: http://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/24419.
Theme
Information
Field
Informationswissenschaft

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