Document (#38344)

Author

Brandão, W.C.
Santos, R.L.T.
Ziviani, N.
Moura, E.S. de
Silva, A.S. da

Title

Learning to expand queries using entities

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.9, S.1870-1883

Year

2014

Abstract

A substantial fraction of web search queries contain references to entities, such as persons, organizations, and locations. Recently, methods that exploit named entities have been shown to be more effective for query expansion than traditional pseudorelevance feedback methods. In this article, we introduce a supervised learning approach that exploits named entities for query expansion using Wikipedia as a repository of high-quality feedback documents. In contrast with existing entity-oriented pseudorelevance feedback approaches, we tackle query expansion as a learning-to-rank problem. As a result, not only do we select effective expansion terms but we also weigh these terms according to their predicted effectiveness. To this end, we exploit the rich structure of Wikipedia articles to devise discriminative term features, including each candidate term's proximity to the original query terms, as well as its frequency across multiple article fields and in category and infobox descriptors. Experiments on three Text REtrieval Conference web test collections attest the effectiveness of our approach, with gains of up to 23.32% in terms of mean average precision, 19.49% in terms of precision at 10, and 7.86% in terms of normalized discounted cumulative gain compared with a state-of-the-art approach for entity-oriented query expansion.

Theme

Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval

Similar documents (author)

1. Bessa, A.; Santos, R.L.T.; Veloso, A.; Ziviani, N.: Exploiting item co-utility to improve collaborative filtering recommendations (2017) 1.57

   1.5743953 = sum of:
     1.5743953 = product of:
       3.1487906 = sum of:
         1.238491 = weight(author_txt:santos in 4824) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.238491 = score(doc=4824,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.46938258 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1240125 = boost
               8.443371 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.6385534 = fieldWeight in 4824, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.443371 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4824)
         1.9102995 = weight(author_txt:ziviani in 4824) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.9102995 = score(doc=4824,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.62661296 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2986954 = boost
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             3.0486116 = fieldWeight in 4824, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4824)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

2. Calado, P.; Cristo, M.; Gonçalves, M.A.; Moura, E.S. de; Ribeiro-Neto, B.; Ziviani, N.: Link-based similarity measures for the classification of Web documents (2006) 1.31

   1.307147 = sum of:
     1.307147 = product of:
       2.614294 = sum of:
         1.0860546 = weight(author_txt:moura in 5921) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.0860546 = score(doc=5921,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.49900645 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1589394 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.1764338 = fieldWeight in 5921, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=5921)
         1.5282396 = weight(author_txt:ziviani in 5921) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5282396 = score(doc=5921,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.62661296 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2986954 = boost
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.4388893 = fieldWeight in 5921, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=5921)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

3. Couto, T.; Cristo, M.; Gonçalves, M.A.; Calado, P.; Ziviani, N.; Moura, E.; Ribeiro-Neto, B.: ¬A comparative study of citations and links in document classification (2006) 1.31

   1.307147 = sum of:
     1.307147 = product of:
       2.614294 = sum of:
         1.0860546 = weight(author_txt:moura in 3531) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.0860546 = score(doc=3531,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.49900645 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1589394 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.1764338 = fieldWeight in 3531, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=3531)
         1.5282396 = weight(author_txt:ziviani in 3531) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5282396 = score(doc=3531,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.62661296 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2986954 = boost
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.4388893 = fieldWeight in 3531, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=3531)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

4. Silva, A.J.C.; Gonçalves, M.A.; Laender, A.H.F.; Modesto, M.A.B.; Cristo, M.; Ziviani, N.: Finding what is missing from a digital library : a case study in the computer science field (2009) 1.11

   1.1129705 = sum of:
     1.1129705 = product of:
       2.225941 = sum of:
         0.6977013 = weight(author_txt:silva in 219) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6977013 = score(doc=219,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3715222 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.5118127 = idf(docFreq=65, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             1.8779532 = fieldWeight in 219, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.5118127 = idf(docFreq=65, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=219)
         1.5282396 = weight(author_txt:ziviani in 219) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5282396 = score(doc=219,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.62661296 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2986954 = boost
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.4388893 = fieldWeight in 219, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=219)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

5. Cortez, E.; Silva, A.S. da; Gonçalves, M.A.; Mesquita, F.; Moura, E.S. de: ¬A flexible approach for extracting metadata from bibliographic citations (2009) 0.89

   0.8918779 = sum of:
     0.8918779 = product of:
       1.7837558 = sum of:
         0.6977013 = weight(author_txt:silva in 3848) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6977013 = score(doc=3848,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3715222 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.5118127 = idf(docFreq=65, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             1.8779532 = fieldWeight in 3848, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.5118127 = idf(docFreq=65, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=3848)
         1.0860546 = weight(author_txt:moura in 3848) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.0860546 = score(doc=3848,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.49900645 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1589394 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049458392 = queryNorm
             2.1764338 = fieldWeight in 3848, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=3848)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Kwok, K.L.: ¬A network approach to probabilistic information retrieval (1995) 0.35

   0.34862566 = sum of:
     0.34862566 = product of:
       1.0894552 = sum of:
         0.12319616 = weight(abstract_txt:gains in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12319616 = score(doc=6696,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14240184 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.8302665 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.86513036 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.8302665 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.048183803 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048183803 = score(doc=6696,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12089404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3030456 = boost
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.39856228 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.10592337 = weight(abstract_txt:precision in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10592337 = score(doc=6696,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.14171797 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4108136 = boost
               5.5235233 = idf(docFreq=481, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.7474237 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.5235233 = idf(docFreq=481, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.10053982 = weight(abstract_txt:learning in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10053982 = score(doc=6696,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15668216 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8168229 = boost
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.64168006 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.114052586 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.114052586 = score(doc=6696,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24579403 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2755609 = boost
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.4640169 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.13789544 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13789544 = score(doc=6696,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.26250693 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0359707 = boost
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.52530205 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.10180274 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10180274 = score(doc=6696,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22786321 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0985243 = boost
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.44677126 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
         0.35786143 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 6696) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.35786143 = score(doc=6696,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.43306562 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8994563 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.8263446 = fieldWeight in 6696, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6696)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Vechtomova, O.: Facet-based opinion retrieval from blogs (2010) 0.31

   0.30821213 = sum of:
     0.30821213 = product of:
       0.96316296 = sum of:
         0.06926954 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06926954 = score(doc=225,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.07974831 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0583223 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.8686019 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.049302727 = weight(abstract_txt:effective in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049302727 = score(doc=225,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10870861 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2356321 = boost
               4.837664 = idf(docFreq=956, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.45353103 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.837664 = idf(docFreq=956, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.057820566 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.057820566 = score(doc=225,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12089404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3030456 = boost
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.47827476 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.10655886 = weight(abstract_txt:wikipedia in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10655886 = score(doc=225,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18172292 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5975779 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.58638096 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.10745022 = weight(abstract_txt:entity in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10745022 = score(doc=225,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1827349 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.60202 = boost
               6.272122 = idf(docFreq=227, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.58801144 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.272122 = idf(docFreq=227, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.20266409 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20266409 = score(doc=225,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.26250693 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0359707 = boost
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.7720333 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.12216329 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12216329 = score(doc=225,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22786321 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0985243 = boost
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.53612554 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
         0.2479337 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 225) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2479337 = score(doc=225,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.43306562 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8994563 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.5725084 = fieldWeight in 225, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=225)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. He, D.; Wu, D.: Enhancing query translation with relevance feedback in translingual information retrieval : a study of the medication process (2011) 0.30

   0.30074954 = sum of:
     0.30074954 = product of:
       0.93984234 = sum of:
         0.020652184 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020652184 = score(doc=244,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07974831 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0583223 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.25896704 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.032868486 = weight(abstract_txt:effective in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032868486 = score(doc=244,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10870861 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2356321 = boost
               4.837664 = idf(docFreq=956, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.302354 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.837664 = idf(docFreq=956, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.038424134 = weight(abstract_txt:effectiveness in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.038424134 = score(doc=244,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12063692 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3016592 = boost
               5.0961695 = idf(docFreq=738, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.3185106 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0961695 = idf(docFreq=738, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.066765435 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.066765435 = score(doc=244,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.12089404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3030456 = boost
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.5522641 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.20402347 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20402347 = score(doc=244,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.24579403 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2755609 = boost
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.8300587 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.19107354 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19107354 = score(doc=244,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.26250693 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0359707 = boost
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.72787994 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.09974591 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09974591 = score(doc=244,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.22786321 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0985243 = boost
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.43774468 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
         0.28628916 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 244) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28628916 = score(doc=244,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.43306562 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8994563 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.6610757 = fieldWeight in 244, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=244)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Srinivasan, P.: Query expansion and MEDLINE (1996) 0.28

   0.2783143 = sum of:
     0.2783143 = product of:
       1.1596429 = sum of:
         0.09509488 = weight(abstract_txt:effectiveness in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09509488 = score(doc=67,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12063692 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3016592 = boost
               5.0961695 = idf(docFreq=738, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.78827345 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.0961695 = idf(docFreq=738, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
         0.116839506 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.116839506 = score(doc=67,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.12089404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3030456 = boost
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.96646214 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
         0.15967363 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15967363 = score(doc=67,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24579403 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2755609 = boost
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.6496237 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
         0.23644143 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23644143 = score(doc=67,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.26250693 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0359707 = boost
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.90070546 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
         0.14252383 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14252383 = score(doc=67,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22786321 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0985243 = boost
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.62547976 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
         0.40906972 = weight(abstract_txt:expansion in 67) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.40906972 = score(doc=67,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.43306562 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8994563 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.9445906 = fieldWeight in 67, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=67)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Layfield, C.; Azzopardi, J,; Staff, C.: Experiments with document retrieval from small text collections using Latent Semantic Analysis or term similarity with query coordination and automatic relevance feedback (2017) 0.26

   0.25597203 = sum of:
     0.25597203 = product of:
       0.71103334 = sum of:
         0.067457326 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.067457326 = score(doc=4478,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.12089404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3030456 = boost
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.5579872 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.1015973 = idf(docFreq=734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.044613894 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044613894 = score(doc=4478,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.097519755 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4333397 = boost
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.4574857 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.741144 = idf(docFreq=2864, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.062159337 = weight(abstract_txt:wikipedia in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062159337 = score(doc=4478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18172292 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5975779 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.34205556 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.06267929 = weight(abstract_txt:entity in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06267929 = score(doc=4478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1827349 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.60202 = boost
               6.272122 = idf(docFreq=227, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.34300667 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.272122 = idf(docFreq=227, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.11351438 = weight(abstract_txt:named in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11351438 = score(doc=4478,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21549113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7396901 = boost
               6.8111186 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.52677053 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.8111186 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.11290629 = weight(abstract_txt:feedback in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11290629 = score(doc=4478,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.24579403 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2755609 = boost
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.45935327 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.9394164 = idf(docFreq=317, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.10078625 = weight(abstract_txt:entities in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10078625 = score(doc=4478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.315997 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.979296 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.31894684 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.09652681 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09652681 = score(doc=4478,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.26250693 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0359707 = boost
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.36771145 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.754492 = idf(docFreq=1039, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
         0.050389785 = weight(abstract_txt:terms in 4478) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050389785 = score(doc=4478,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22786321 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0985243 = boost
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01818608 = queryNorm
             0.2211405 = fieldWeight in 4478, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.043712 = idf(docFreq=2116, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4478)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)