Document (#38262)

Author

Zhang, Y.
Broussard, R.
Ke, W.
Gong, X.

Title

Evaluation of a scatter/gather interface for supporting distinct health information search tasks

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 65(2014) no.5, S.1028-1041

Year

2014

Abstract

Web search engines are important gateways for users to access health information. This study explored whether a search interface based on the Bing API and enabled by Scatter/Gather, a well-known document-clustering technique, can improve health information searches. Forty participants without medical backgrounds were randomly assigned to two interfaces: a baseline interface that resembles typical web search engines and a Scatter/Gather interface. Both groups performed two lookup and two exploratory health-related tasks. It was found that the baseline group was more likely to rephrase queries and less likely to access general-purpose sites than the Scatter/Gather group when completing exploratory tasks. Otherwise, the two groups did not differ in behavior and task performance, with participants in the Scatter/Gather group largely overlooking the features (key words, clusters, and the recluster function) designed to facilitate the exploration of semantic relationships between information objects, a potentially useful means for users in the rather unfamiliar domain of health. The results suggest a strong effect of users' mental models of search on their use of search interfaces and a high cognitive cost associated with using the Scatter/Gather features. It follows that novel features of a search interface should not only be compatible with users' mental models but also provide sufficient affordance to inform users of how they can be used. Compared with the interface, tasks showed more significant impacts on search behavior. In future studies, more effort should be devoted to identify salient features of health-related information needs.

Field

Medizin

Similar documents (author)

1. Zhang, M.; Zhang, Y.: Professional organizations in Twittersphere : an empirical study of U.S. library and information science professional organizations-related Tweets (2020) 4.53

   4.5277104 = sum of:
     4.5277104 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 775) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5277104 = score(doc=775,freq=2.0), product of:
         0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.15617312 = queryNorm
         4.527711 = fieldWeight in 775, product of:
           1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
             2.0 = termFreq=2.0
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=775)
   

2. Zhang, Y.; Zhang, C.: Enhancing keyphrase extraction from microblogs using human reading time (2021) 4.53

   4.5277104 = sum of:
     4.5277104 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 1238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5277104 = score(doc=1238,freq=2.0), product of:
         0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.15617312 = queryNorm
         4.527711 = fieldWeight in 1238, product of:
           1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
             2.0 = termFreq=2.0
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1238)
   

3. Zhang, J.: TOFIR: A tool of facilitating information retrieval : introduce a visual retrieval model (2001) 4.00

   4.0019684 = sum of:
     4.0019684 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 7710) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.0019684 = score(doc=7710,freq=1.0), product of:
         0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.15617312 = queryNorm
         4.001969 = fieldWeight in 7710, product of:
           1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
             1.0 = termFreq=1.0
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=7710)
   

4. Zhang, A.: Multimedia file formats on the Internet : a beginner's guide for PC users (1995) 4.00

   4.0019684 = sum of:
     4.0019684 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 3280) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.0019684 = score(doc=3280,freq=1.0), product of:
         0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.15617312 = queryNorm
         4.001969 = fieldWeight in 3280, product of:
           1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
             1.0 = termFreq=1.0
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3280)
   

5. Zhang, J.: ¬A representational analysis of relational information displays (1996) 4.00

   4.0019684 = sum of:
     4.0019684 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 6471) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.0019684 = score(doc=6471,freq=1.0), product of:
         0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.15617312 = queryNorm
         4.001969 = fieldWeight in 6471, product of:
           1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
             1.0 = termFreq=1.0
           6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
           0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6471)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Zhang, Y.: Searching for specific health-related information in MedlinePlus : behavioral patterns and user experience (2014) 0.34

   0.3385667 = sum of:
     0.3385667 = product of:
       0.7053473 = sum of:
         0.027169403 = weight(abstract_txt:should in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027169403 = score(doc=2180,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.05663991 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.4311547 = idf(docFreq=1436, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.47968656 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.4311547 = idf(docFreq=1436, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.009713285 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009713285 = score(doc=2180,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.035946496 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1266317 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.27021506 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.01834899 = weight(abstract_txt:more in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01834899 = score(doc=2180,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.04990848 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1496656 = boost
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.36765274 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.025374636 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025374636 = score(doc=2180,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.078050576 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1738883 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.32510504 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.05534175 = weight(abstract_txt:participants in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05534175 = score(doc=2180,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.082690984 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2082806 = boost
               5.3540783 = idf(docFreq=570, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.6692598 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.3540783 = idf(docFreq=570, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.014264196 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014264196 = score(doc=2180,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.042195335 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3647118 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.3380515 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.050118826 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050118826 = score(doc=2180,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.0917712 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0126207 = boost
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.54612803 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.033755515 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033755515 = score(doc=2180,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11894588 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.049408 = boost
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.28378886 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.049344867 = weight(abstract_txt:tasks in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049344867 = score(doc=2180,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15320781 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3259168 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.32207802 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.062040154 = weight(abstract_txt:interface in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062040154 = score(doc=2180,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20429853 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2895157 = boost
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.303674 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.08622302 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08622302 = score(doc=2180,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.15410899 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.299003 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.5594938 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
         0.27365267 = weight(abstract_txt:health in 2180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27365267 = score(doc=2180,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.28724366 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9005384 = boost
               5.7612963 = idf(docFreq=379, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.9526848 = fieldWeight in 2180, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.7612963 = idf(docFreq=379, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2180)
       0.48 = coord(12/25)
   

2. Bhavnani, S.K.; Peck, F.A.: Scatter matters : regularities and implications for the scatter of healthcare information on the Web (2010) 0.27

   0.27488437 = sum of:
     0.27488437 = product of:
       0.98172987 = sum of:
         0.0056079673 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0056079673 = score(doc=420,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.035946496 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1266317 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.15600874 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.025374636 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025374636 = score(doc=420,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.078050576 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1738883 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.32510504 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.026683908 = weight(abstract_txt:engines in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026683908 = score(doc=420,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08071282 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1937406 = boost
               5.2896495 = idf(docFreq=608, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.3306031 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2896495 = idf(docFreq=608, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.018042939 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018042939 = score(doc=420,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.042195335 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3647118 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.42760506 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.028936118 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028936118 = score(doc=420,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.0917712 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0126207 = boost
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.31530717 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.049780883 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049780883 = score(doc=420,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15410899 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.299003 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.3230239 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
         0.8273034 = weight(abstract_txt:scatter in 420) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.8273034 = score(doc=420,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.6718462 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.9653273 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             1.2313881 = fieldWeight in 420, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=420)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Bhavnani, S.K.; Wilson, C.S.: Information scattering (2009) 0.27

   0.27423224 = sum of:
     0.27423224 = product of:
       0.8569758 = sum of:
         0.022268243 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022268243 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.061653845 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.043323 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.36118174 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.007009959 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007009959 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.035946496 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1266317 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.19501092 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.013242244 = weight(abstract_txt:more in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013242244 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04990848 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1496656 = boost
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.26533052 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.022553673 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022553673 = score(doc=803,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.042195335 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3647118 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.5345063 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.025576157 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025576157 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0917712 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0126207 = boost
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.2786948 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.0440005 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0440005 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15410899 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.299003 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.28551546 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.25984833 = weight(abstract_txt:gather in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25984833 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45746362 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.922408 = boost
               7.270651 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.5680196 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.270651 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
         0.4624767 = weight(abstract_txt:scatter in 803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.4624767 = score(doc=803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6718462 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.9653273 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.6883669 = fieldWeight in 803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=803)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Sahib, N.G.; Tombros, A.; Stockman, T.: ¬A comparative analysis of the information-seeking behavior of visually impaired and sighted searchers (2012) 0.25

   0.2523647 = sum of:
     0.2523647 = product of:
       0.5257598 = sum of:
         0.0056079673 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0056079673 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.035946496 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1266317 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.15600874 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.010593795 = weight(abstract_txt:more in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010593795 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04990848 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1496656 = boost
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.21226442 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.023899734 = weight(abstract_txt:groups in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023899734 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07499603 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1506888 = boost
               5.09888 = idf(docFreq=736, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.31868 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.09888 = idf(docFreq=736, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.06215491 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06215491 = score(doc=989,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.078050576 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1738883 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.7963415 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.050645098 = weight(abstract_txt:interfaces in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050645098 = score(doc=989,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.085788175 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2307006 = boost
               5.453425 = idf(docFreq=516, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.59035057 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.453425 = idf(docFreq=516, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.012758285 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012758285 = score(doc=989,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.042195335 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3647118 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.30236244 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.048837546 = weight(abstract_txt:exploratory in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048837546 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.120766215 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.460197 = boost
               6.470359 = idf(docFreq=186, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.40439743 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.470359 = idf(docFreq=186, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.028936118 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028936118 = score(doc=989,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.0917712 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0126207 = boost
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.31530717 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.033755515 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033755515 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11894588 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.049408 = boost
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.28378886 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.06978418 = weight(abstract_txt:tasks in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06978418 = score(doc=989,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15320781 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3259168 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.4554871 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.062040154 = weight(abstract_txt:interface in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062040154 = score(doc=989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20429853 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2895157 = boost
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.303674 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
         0.11674652 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11674652 = score(doc=989,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.15410899 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.299003 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.75755817 = fieldWeight in 989, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=989)
       0.48 = coord(12/25)
   

5. Hoeber, O.: ¬A study of visually linked keywords to support exploratory browsing in academic search (2022) 0.23

   0.2303675 = sum of:
     0.2303675 = product of:
       0.6399097 = sum of:
         0.012141606 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012141606 = score(doc=1645,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.035946496 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1266317 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.33776882 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.013242244 = weight(abstract_txt:more in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013242244 = score(doc=1645,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04990848 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1496656 = boost
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.26533052 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3962307 = idf(docFreq=4044, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.034588594 = weight(abstract_txt:participants in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034588594 = score(doc=1645,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.082690984 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2082806 = boost
               5.3540783 = idf(docFreq=570, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.41828737 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3540783 = idf(docFreq=570, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.06330638 = weight(abstract_txt:interfaces in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06330638 = score(doc=1645,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.085788175 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2307006 = boost
               5.453425 = idf(docFreq=516, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.7379382 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.453425 = idf(docFreq=516, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.1365051 = weight(abstract_txt:exploratory in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1365051 = score(doc=1645,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.120766215 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.460197 = boost
               6.470359 = idf(docFreq=186, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             1.1303252 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.470359 = idf(docFreq=186, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.07291815 = weight(abstract_txt:baseline in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07291815 = score(doc=1645,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13595441 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5492995 = boost
               6.8651857 = idf(docFreq=125, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.5363426 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.8651857 = idf(docFreq=125, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.073082834 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.073082834 = score(doc=1645,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11894588 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.049408 = boost
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.6144209 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.5406218 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.10967253 = weight(abstract_txt:interface in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10967253 = score(doc=1645,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.20429853 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2895157 = boost
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.5368249 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.858784 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
         0.12445221 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 1645) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12445221 = score(doc=1645,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.15410899 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.299003 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.012782201 = queryNorm
             0.8075597 = fieldWeight in 1645, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1645)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)