Document (#31767)

Author

Ford, N.

Title

New cognitive directions

Source

New directions in cognitive information retrieval. Eds.: A. Spink, C. Cole

Imprint

Dordrecht : Springer Netherland

Year

2005

Pages

S.81-96

Series

The information retrieval series, vol. 19

Abstract

This chapter explores cognitive issues relating not only to the use and effectiveness of information retrieval (IR) systems, but also to the generation of new research knowledge relevant to enhancing such use and to the development of improved systems. There is still much that we do not know about how effectively, or not as the case may be, current IR systems support different individuals and groups of people in effectively acquiring the knowledge they need to help them in the tasks in which they are engaged. We need greater levels of knowledge of how we might optimize the symbiotic interactions between IR systems and people working in different contexts, and of the directions we might most profitably take in the development of new systems. The chapter begins by establishing working definitions of "knowledge", "information", "understanding", and related concepts including "information retrieval" and "information behavior". Such definitions are necessary if we are to achieve any clear focus on what are important issues for the evaluation and development of IR systems and practices. Knowledge is defined here as a conceptual system that enables its possessor (whether human or machine) to act in the world (e.g. in the form of autonomous activity or response to stimuli). Information is defined here as potential knowledge, and understanding as the process of transforming information into knowledge. Perceiving an information need represents the realization that one is in a situation for which one's existing knowledge is not adequate. Information is needed to generate, via understanding, appropriate new knowledge. However, the need for knowledge is broader than the information need in that the former entails defining the nature of the sought-for knowledge, as opposed to the type and nature of the information which may be used to generate it. Importantly in this context, functionally the same knowledge may be generated via the processing of alternative items of information. The realization and specification of the knowledge need, along with the evaluation of information behavior in terms of its contribution to satisfying the knowledge need, are termed here knowledge behavior. Information behavior comprises those activities entailed in the acquisition of information that may be transformed into knowledge. It subsumes information encountering and information seeking, the latter subsuming searching and retrieval. Although information retrieval is often used narrowly to denote the latter activity taking place within information seeking, a broader definition is used here to include the development, use and evaluation of systems designed to support the range of activities denoted by the term information behavior.

Similar documents (author)

1. Ford, N.; Ford, R.: Cognitive styles and database access (1992) 5.42

   5.415318 = sum of:
     5.415318 = weight(author_txt:ford in 4259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.415318 = fieldWeight in 4259, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4259)
   

2. Ford, N.; Ford, R.: Towards a cognitive theory of information accessing : an empirical study (1993) 5.42

   5.415318 = sum of:
     5.415318 = weight(author_txt:ford in 6514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.415318 = fieldWeight in 6514, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=6514)
   

3. Ford, N.: Expert systems and artificial intelligence : an information manager's guide (1991) 4.79

   4.78651 = sum of:
     4.78651 = weight(author_txt:ford in 6107) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.78651 = fieldWeight in 6107, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6107)
   

4. Ford, P.: Microsoft's Windows with multimedia extensions : standards simplcity and success in multimedia (1992) 4.79

   4.78651 = sum of:
     4.78651 = weight(author_txt:ford in 6377) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.78651 = fieldWeight in 6377, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6377)
   

5. Ford, N.: Towards the evidence-based electronic library (1997) 4.79

   4.78651 = sum of:
     4.78651 = weight(author_txt:ford in 2177) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.78651 = fieldWeight in 2177, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2177)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Gossen, T.; Nürnberger, A.: Specifics of information retrieval for young users : a survey (2013) 0.38

   0.37638494 = sum of:
     0.37638494 = product of:
       0.78413534 = sum of:
         0.037191924 = weight(abstract_txt:seeking in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037191924 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11707703 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.31767055 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.04123292 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04123292 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12541091 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0349797 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.32878256 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.041383598 = weight(abstract_txt:working in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.041383598 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12571625 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0362388 = boost
               5.266921 = idf(docFreq=622, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.32918257 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.266921 = idf(docFreq=622, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.00936603 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.00936603 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.063365996 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1632211 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.14780845 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.06791461 = weight(abstract_txt:directions in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06791461 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17491004 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2222823 = boost
               6.2125297 = idf(docFreq=241, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.3882831 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.2125297 = idf(docFreq=241, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.03921113 = weight(abstract_txt:understanding in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03921113 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13882764 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3336681 = boost
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.28244472 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.06297433 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06297433 = score(doc=3718,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.109544925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3679659 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.57487214 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.032215014 = weight(abstract_txt:development in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032215014 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.134036 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5131775 = boost
               3.8455355 = idf(docFreq=2580, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.24034597 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.8455355 = idf(docFreq=2580, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.09638591 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09638591 = score(doc=3718,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.18456693 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3489573 = boost
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.5222274 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.14094312 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14094312 = score(doc=3718,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.30655274 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.558508 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.45976794 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.11425 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11425 = score(doc=3718,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.25190517 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.521104 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.45354366 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
         0.10106674 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 3718) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10106674 = score(doc=3718,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4559754 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.581872 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.22164954 = fieldWeight in 3718, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3718)
       0.48 = coord(12/25)
   

2. Svenonius, E.: ¬The impact of computer technology on knowledge representations (1992) 0.32

   0.31628537 = sum of:
     0.31628537 = product of:
       0.7907134 = sum of:
         0.051541153 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051541153 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12541091 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0349797 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.4109782 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.052746404 = weight(abstract_txt:might in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052746404 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12735847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.042985 = boost
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.41415703 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.011707537 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.011707537 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.063365996 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1632211 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.18476056 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.049013916 = weight(abstract_txt:understanding in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049013916 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13882764 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3336681 = boost
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.3530559 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.051532965 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051532965 = score(doc=2378,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.109544925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3679659 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.4704277 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.056948636 = weight(abstract_txt:development in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056948636 = score(doc=2378,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.134036 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5131775 = boost
               3.8455355 = idf(docFreq=2580, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.42487565 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.8455355 = idf(docFreq=2580, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.04918673 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04918673 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18456693 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3489573 = boost
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.26649806 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.090337604 = weight(abstract_txt:need in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.090337604 = score(doc=2378,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.276801 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8766167 = boost
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.326363 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.09520833 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09520833 = score(doc=2378,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.25190517 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.521104 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.37795305 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
         0.28249013 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2378) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28249013 = score(doc=2378,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.4559754 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.581872 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.6195293 = fieldWeight in 2378, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2378)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

3. Thellefsen, M.; Thellefsen, T.; Soerenson, B.: ¬A pragmatic semeiotic perspective on the concept of information need and its relevance for knowledge organization (2013) 0.30

   0.29980528 = sum of:
     0.29980528 = product of:
       0.7495132 = sum of:
         0.05636601 = weight(abstract_txt:seeking in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05636601 = score(doc=2064,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11707703 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.48144382 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.036078807 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036078807 = score(doc=2064,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12541091 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0349797 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.28768474 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.0435509 = weight(abstract_txt:activity in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0435509 = score(doc=2064,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14217786 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1019963 = boost
               5.6011486 = idf(docFreq=445, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.3063128 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6011486 = idf(docFreq=445, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.021682661 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021682661 = score(doc=2064,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.063365996 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1632211 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.34218132 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.020826802 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020826802 = score(doc=2064,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.109544925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3679659 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.1901211 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.03443071 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03443071 = score(doc=2064,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18456693 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3489573 = boost
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.18654864 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.123325236 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.123325236 = score(doc=2064,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.30655274 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.558508 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.40229696 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.15489672 = weight(abstract_txt:need in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15489672 = score(doc=2064,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.276801 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8766167 = boost
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.559596 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.13329166 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13329166 = score(doc=2064,freq=16.0), product of:
             0.25190517 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.521104 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.5291343 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
                 16.0 = termFreq=16.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
         0.1250637 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2064) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1250637 = score(doc=2064,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.4559754 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.581872 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.2742773 = fieldWeight in 2064, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2064)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

4. Cole, C.; Leide, J.E.; Large, A,; Beheshti, J.; Brooks, M.: Putting it together online : information need identification for the domain novice user (2005) 0.29

   0.28792378 = sum of:
     0.28792378 = product of:
       0.7198094 = sum of:
         0.04123292 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04123292 = score(doc=4469,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12541091 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0349797 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.32878256 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.042197123 = weight(abstract_txt:might in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042197123 = score(doc=4469,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12735847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.042985 = boost
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.33132562 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.01873206 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01873206 = score(doc=4469,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.063365996 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1632211 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.2956169 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.033661194 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033661194 = score(doc=4469,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.109544925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3679659 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.3072821 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.09471768 = weight(abstract_txt:here in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09471768 = score(doc=4469,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27508694 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1677747 = boost
               5.509105 = idf(docFreq=488, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.34431908 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.509105 = idf(docFreq=488, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.05564843 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05564843 = score(doc=4469,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18456693 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3489573 = boost
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.30150813 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.09966184 = weight(abstract_txt:behavior in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09966184 = score(doc=4469,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30655274 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.558508 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.32510504 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.12517545 = weight(abstract_txt:need in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12517545 = score(doc=4469,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.276801 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8766167 = boost
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.45222184 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.10771593 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10771593 = score(doc=4469,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.25190517 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.521104 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.42760506 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
         0.10106674 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 4469) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10106674 = score(doc=4469,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4559754 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.581872 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.22164954 = fieldWeight in 4469, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4469)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

5. Raper, J.: Geographic relevance (2007) 0.28

   0.27939838 = sum of:
     0.27939838 = product of:
       0.6349963 = sum of:
         0.05636601 = weight(abstract_txt:seeking in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05636601 = score(doc=1846,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11707703 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.48144382 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.082729 = idf(docFreq=748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.061323613 = weight(abstract_txt:defined in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.061323613 = score(doc=1846,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.12384505 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.028498 = boost
               5.2275767 = idf(docFreq=647, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.49516404 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.2275767 = idf(docFreq=647, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.036078807 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036078807 = score(doc=1846,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12541091 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0349797 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.28768474 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.036922485 = weight(abstract_txt:might in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036922485 = score(doc=1846,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12735847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.042985 = boost
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.28990993 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.30121 = idf(docFreq=601, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.01158987 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01158987 = score(doc=1846,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.063365996 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1632211 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.18290362 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.055435356 = weight(abstract_txt:definitions in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.055435356 = score(doc=1846,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1669905 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1942906 = boost
               6.0702558 = idf(docFreq=278, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.33196712 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0702558 = idf(docFreq=278, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.029453546 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029453546 = score(doc=1846,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.109544925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3679659 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.26887184 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.03443071 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03443071 = score(doc=1846,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18456693 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3489573 = boost
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.18654864 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.411175 = idf(docFreq=3984, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.10952852 = weight(abstract_txt:need in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10952852 = score(doc=1846,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.276801 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8766167 = boost
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.3956941 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.1774464 = idf(docFreq=1851, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.11543396 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11543396 = score(doc=1846,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.25190517 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.521104 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.4582437 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
         0.0884334 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 1846) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0884334 = score(doc=1846,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4559754 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.581872 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.023034286 = queryNorm
             0.19394335 = fieldWeight in 1846, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1846)
       0.44 = coord(11/25)