Document (#28470)

Author

Cole, C.
Leide, J.E.
Large, A,
Beheshti, J.
Brooks, M.

Title

Putting it together online : information need identification for the domain novice user

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.7, S.684-694

Year

2005

Abstract

Domain novice users in the beginning stages of researching a topic find themselves searching for information via information retrieval (IR) systems before they have identified their information need. Pre-Internet access technologies adapted by current IR systems poorly serve these domain novice users, whose behavior might be characterized as rudderless and without a compass. In this article we describe a conceptual design for an information retrieval system that incorporates standard information need identification classification and subject cataloging schemes, called the INIIReye System, and a study that tests the efficacy of the innovative part of the INIIReye System, called the Associative Index. The Associative Index helps the user put together his or her associative thoughts-Vannevar Bush's idea of associative indexing for his Memex machine that he never actually described. For the first time, data from the study reported here quantitatively supports the theoretical notion that the information seeker's information need is identified through transformation of his/her knowledge structure (i.e., the seeker's cognitive map or perspective an the task far which information is being sought).

Theme

Informationsdienstleistungen

Similar documents (author)

1. Cole, C.; Leide, J.; Beheshti, J.; Large, A.; Brooks, M.: Investigating the Anomalous States of Knowledge hypothesis in a real-life problem situation : a study of history and psychology undergraduates seeking information for a course essay (2005) 5.79

   5.7903924 = sum of:
     5.7903924 = sum of:
       0.88151234 = weight(author_txt:cole in 5814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.88151234 = score(doc=5814,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.37162304 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.3720605 = fieldWeight in 5814, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5814)
       1.1012386 = weight(author_txt:brooks in 5814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1012386 = score(doc=5814,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.43106025 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0770049 = boost
             8.175107 = idf(docFreq=33, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.5547209 = fieldWeight in 5814, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.175107 = idf(docFreq=33, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5814)
       1.1259208 = weight(author_txt:large in 5814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1259208 = score(doc=5814,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.43747735 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0849918 = boost
             8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.5736663 = fieldWeight in 5814, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5814)
       1.1815789 = weight(author_txt:beheshti in 5814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1815789 = score(doc=5814,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45177844 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1025834 = boost
             8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.6153946 = fieldWeight in 5814, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5814)
       1.5001417 = weight(author_txt:leide in 5814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.5001417 = score(doc=5814,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5297105 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1939001 = boost
             9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.832003 = fieldWeight in 5814, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5814)
   

2. Leide, J.E.; Large, A.; Beheshti, J.; Brooks, M.; Cole, C.: Visualization schemes for domain novices exploring a topic space : the navigation classification scheme (2003) 5.79

   5.7903924 = sum of:
     5.7903924 = sum of:
       0.88151234 = weight(author_txt:cole in 2078) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.88151234 = score(doc=2078,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.37162304 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.3720605 = fieldWeight in 2078, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2078)
       1.1012386 = weight(author_txt:brooks in 2078) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1012386 = score(doc=2078,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.43106025 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0770049 = boost
             8.175107 = idf(docFreq=33, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.5547209 = fieldWeight in 2078, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.175107 = idf(docFreq=33, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2078)
       1.1259208 = weight(author_txt:large in 2078) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1259208 = score(doc=2078,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.43747735 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0849918 = boost
             8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.5736663 = fieldWeight in 2078, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2078)
       1.1815789 = weight(author_txt:beheshti in 2078) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1815789 = score(doc=2078,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45177844 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1025834 = boost
             8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.6153946 = fieldWeight in 2078, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2078)
       1.5001417 = weight(author_txt:leide in 2078) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.5001417 = score(doc=2078,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5297105 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1939001 = boost
             9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
             0.04895836 = queryNorm
           2.832003 = fieldWeight in 2078, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2078)
   

3. Cole, C.; Beheshti, J.; Leide, J. E.; Large, A.: Interactive information retrieval : bringing the user to a selection state (2005) 3.75

   3.751323 = sum of:
     3.751323 = product of:
       4.6891537 = sum of:
         0.88151234 = weight(author_txt:cole in 161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.88151234 = score(doc=161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.37162304 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.3720605 = fieldWeight in 161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=161)
         1.1259208 = weight(author_txt:large in 161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1259208 = score(doc=161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.43747735 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0849918 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.5736663 = fieldWeight in 161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=161)
         1.1815789 = weight(author_txt:beheshti in 161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1815789 = score(doc=161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45177844 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1025834 = boost
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.6153946 = fieldWeight in 161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=161)
         1.5001417 = weight(author_txt:leide in 161) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5001417 = score(doc=161,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5297105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1939001 = boost
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.832003 = fieldWeight in 161, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=161)
       0.8 = coord(4/5)
   

4. Yi, K.; Beheshti, J.; Cole, C.; Leide, J.E.; Large, A.: User search behavior of domain-specific information retrieval systems : an analysis of the query logs from PsycINFO and ABC-Clio's Historical Abstracts/America: History and Life (2006) 3.75

   3.751323 = sum of:
     3.751323 = product of:
       4.6891537 = sum of:
         0.88151234 = weight(author_txt:cole in 322) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.88151234 = score(doc=322,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.37162304 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.3720605 = fieldWeight in 322, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=322)
         1.1259208 = weight(author_txt:large in 322) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1259208 = score(doc=322,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.43747735 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0849918 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.5736663 = fieldWeight in 322, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=322)
         1.1815789 = weight(author_txt:beheshti in 322) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1815789 = score(doc=322,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45177844 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1025834 = boost
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.6153946 = fieldWeight in 322, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=322)
         1.5001417 = weight(author_txt:leide in 322) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5001417 = score(doc=322,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5297105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1939001 = boost
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.832003 = fieldWeight in 322, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=322)
       0.8 = coord(4/5)
   

5. Leide, J.E.; Cole, C.; Beheshti, J.; Large, A.; Lin, Y.: Task-based information retrieval : structuring undergraduate history essays for better course evaluation using essay-type visualizations (2007) 3.75

   3.751323 = sum of:
     3.751323 = product of:
       4.6891537 = sum of:
         0.88151234 = weight(author_txt:cole in 1460) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.88151234 = score(doc=1460,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.37162304 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.3720605 = fieldWeight in 1460, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=1460)
         1.1259208 = weight(author_txt:large in 1460) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1259208 = score(doc=1460,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.43747735 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0849918 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.5736663 = fieldWeight in 1460, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=1460)
         1.1815789 = weight(author_txt:beheshti in 1460) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1815789 = score(doc=1460,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45177844 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1025834 = boost
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.6153946 = fieldWeight in 1460, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.369263 = idf(docFreq=27, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=1460)
         1.5001417 = weight(author_txt:leide in 1460) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.5001417 = score(doc=1460,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5297105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1939001 = boost
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.04895836 = queryNorm
             2.832003 = fieldWeight in 1460, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=1460)
       0.8 = coord(4/5)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Cole, C.; Mandelblatt, B.; Stevenson, J.: Visualizing a high recall search strategy output for undergraduates in an exploration stage of researching a term paper (2002) 0.26

   0.26420507 = sum of:
     0.26420507 = product of:
       0.82564086 = sum of:
         0.022760445 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022760445 = score(doc=3575,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.0589388 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.38617083 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.089621946 = weight(abstract_txt:researching in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.089621946 = score(doc=3575,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16823672 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1946611 = boost
               8.523414 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.53271335 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.523414 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.015315154 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015315154 = score(doc=3575,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.051807437 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3258989 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.2956169 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.016659312 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016659312 = score(doc=3575,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07902958 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4182076 = boost
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.21079844 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.09183212 = weight(abstract_txt:domain in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09183212 = score(doc=3575,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.155356 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9884241 = boost
               4.7288613 = idf(docFreq=1066, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.59110767 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.7288613 = idf(docFreq=1066, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.32286555 = weight(abstract_txt:novice in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.32286555 = score(doc=3575,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.35920808 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.023556 = boost
               7.190608 = idf(docFreq=90, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.898826 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.190608 = idf(docFreq=90, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.0451591 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0451591 = score(doc=3575,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.12194719 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0513463 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.37031686 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
         0.22142725 = weight(abstract_txt:associative in 3575) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22142725 = score(doc=3575,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.48807353 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.069649 = boost
               7.2588162 = idf(docFreq=84, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.45367602 = fieldWeight in 3575, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.2588162 = idf(docFreq=84, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3575)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Wilson, N.: COMPASS (1991) 0.18

   0.18230882 = sum of:
     0.18230882 = product of:
       2.2788603 = sum of:
         0.025263444 = weight(abstract_txt:user in 3633) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025263444 = score(doc=3633,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06275151 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0318378 = boost
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.40259498 = fieldWeight in 3633, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=3633)
         2.2535968 = weight(title_txt:compass in 3633) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.2535968 = score(doc=3633,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22741303 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3889673 = boost
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             9.909708 = fieldWeight in 3633, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               1.0 = fieldNorm(doc=3633)
       0.08 = coord(2/25)
   

3. Takashima, Y.: ¬The study of information relationship on Internet : comparison of Vannevar Bush's memex (1996) 0.15

   0.15461123 = sum of:
     0.15461123 = product of:
       0.9663202 = sum of:
         0.421122 = weight(abstract_txt:memex in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.421122 = score(doc=4311,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.18730232 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.260538 = boost
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             2.2483544 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
         0.22662635 = weight(abstract_txt:vannevar in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22662635 = score(doc=4311,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19671229 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2918143 = boost
               9.216561 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             1.1520702 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.216561 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44421)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
         0.2816996 = weight(abstract_txt:bush's in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2816996 = score(doc=4311,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22741303 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3889673 = boost
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             1.2387135 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
         0.03687225 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 4311) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03687225 = score(doc=4311,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12194719 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0513463 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.30236244 = fieldWeight in 4311, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4311)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

4. Faaborg, A.; Lagoze, C.: Semantic browsing (2003) 0.14

   0.14399877 = sum of:
     0.14399877 = product of:
       0.5999949 = sum of:
         0.019711126 = weight(abstract_txt:users in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019711126 = score(doc=2026,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0589388 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.33443376 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5672934 = idf(docFreq=3408, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
         0.030623917 = weight(abstract_txt:user in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030623917 = score(doc=2026,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06275151 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0318378 = boost
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.4880188 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
         0.16996977 = weight(abstract_txt:vannevar in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16996977 = score(doc=2026,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19671229 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2918143 = boost
               9.216561 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.86405265 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.216561 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
         0.019894967 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019894967 = score(doc=2026,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.051807437 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3258989 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.3840176 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
         0.027654188 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027654188 = score(doc=2026,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12194719 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0513463 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.22677183 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
         0.3321409 = weight(abstract_txt:associative in 2026) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3321409 = score(doc=2026,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.48807353 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.069649 = boost
               7.2588162 = idf(docFreq=84, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.68051404 = fieldWeight in 2026, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.2588162 = idf(docFreq=84, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2026)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Shoffner, M.; Greenberg, J.; Kramer-Duffield, J.; Woodbury, D.: Web 2.0 semantic systems : collaborative learning in science (2008) 0.14

   0.1421018 = sum of:
     0.1421018 = product of:
       0.50750643 = sum of:
         0.01082719 = weight(abstract_txt:user in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01082719 = score(doc=3661,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06275151 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0318378 = boost
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.17254071 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.13676338 = weight(abstract_txt:memex in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13676338 = score(doc=3661,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.18730232 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.260538 = boost
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.7301745 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.014067868 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014067868 = score(doc=3661,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.051807437 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3258989 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.27154148 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.012494485 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012494485 = score(doc=3661,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07902958 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4182076 = boost
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.15809883 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.04306808 = weight(abstract_txt:identification in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04306808 = score(doc=3661,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15753753 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6349007 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.273383 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.27073097 = weight(abstract_txt:novice in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27073097 = score(doc=3661,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.35920808 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.023556 = boost
               7.190608 = idf(docFreq=90, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.75368845 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               7.190608 = idf(docFreq=90, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
         0.019554464 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3661) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019554464 = score(doc=3661,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12194719 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0513463 = boost
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.016521994 = queryNorm
             0.1603519 = fieldWeight in 3661, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3661)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)