Document (#29325)

Author

Ostermann, D.

Title

¬Ein Kampf um die Freiheit des Internet

Source

Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.252 vom 29.10.2005, S.1

Year

2005

Abstract

Vor einem UN-Gipfel in Tunis eskaliert der Streit ums Internet: Die USA wollen die Kontrolle behalten und wehren sich gegen eine internationale Verwaltung.

Content

"Für den gemeinen Nutzer ist das Internet ein wundersamer Ort der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten. Er kann mit einem Mausklick Mails verschicken, sein Bankkonto verwalten oder Reisen buchen. Das virtuelle Datennetz aber funktioniert nur, wenn Standards beachtet, Adressengeordnet und Verbindungen hergestellt werden. Der zentrale Ort dafür ist durchaus real und wunderschön an der kalifornischen Küste gelegen: Marina del Rey, ein Vorort von Los Angeles. Hier sitzt die Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Die von der US-Regierung geschaffene gemeinnützige Organisation übernahm 1998 jene technische Verwaltung, die in den anarchischen Anfangsjahren der legendäre Internet-Pionier Jon Postel nahezu alleine gestemmt hatte. Geht es nach dem Willen der USA, soll das so bleiben. Im Juni erklärte das US-Wirtschaftsministerium, Washington beabsichtige nicht mehr, die Aufsicht über die Internetverwaltung wie geplant 2006 abzutreten. Damit stellte sich die Bush-Regierung gegen wachsendem Druck, ICANN durch ein internationales Gremium unter dem Dach der UN zu ersetzen. Diese Forderung war bereits beim ersten Weltgipfel zur Informationsgesellschaft 2003, . in Genf erhoben worden. Befürworter sind unter anderen China, Brasilien, Südafrika und Indien. Vor dem für Mitte November in Tunis geplanten weiten InformationsGipfel sprach sich auch die EU für eine Neuordnung der Kompetenzen aus. Als Eingriff in ihre Souveränität betrachten diese Staaten es etwa, wenn nicht die jeweiligen Regierungen, sondern ICANN die Verwaltung der Länder-Domänen - etwa ".de" für Deutschland - vergibt. Die Befürchtung, die USA könnten in Extremfällen LänderDomänen wie die Irans aus dem Netz werfen, gilt zwar als praktisch kaum durchführbar. Immerhin aber hat die Bush-Regierung unlängst nach Protesten konservativer US-Christen die geplante Einrichtung einer neuen Porno-Domäne ( ".xxx") gestoppt - und so bewiesen, dass ICANN keineswegs unabhängig von politischer Kontrolle agiert. Eine internationale Verwaltungsinstanz wiederum wird in den USA einhellig abgelehnt. Mehrere Abgeordnete im Kongress haben vorige Woche einen Resolutionsentwurf eingebracht, der die US-Kontrolle festschreiben soll. Das Internet sei in den USA geschaffen worden und habe unter der Aufsicht und Kontrolle der USA floriert, heißt es darin. Tatsächlich kommt zu den politisch-strategischen Erwägungen auch die Sorge, das Internet könne seine Stärken als freies, weitgehend unreguliertes Medium durch eine überbordende UN-Bürokratie verlieren. Zudem macht es Verteidiger des US-Monopols skeptisch, wenn Länder wie China, Iran und Kuba an vorderster Front eine internationale Kontrolle fordern."

Footnote

ICANN - Die Organisation entscheidet über die Grundlagen der Verwaltung von Namen und Adressen im Internet und beschließt technische sowie Verfahrensstandards. Die Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) ist eine privatrechtliche Organisation; sie agiert ohne die Absicht, Gewinn zu erzielen.

Theme

Internet

Object

ICANN

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