Document (#24922)

Author: pte
Title: Nervenzellen beim Lernen beobachtet : Neurologie
Source: Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.282 vom 4.12.2001, S.B1
Year: 2001
Series: Wissens-Wert
Content: "US-Forscher haben Zellen des Gehirns unter einem Mikroskop beim Lernen zugeschaut. Dazu regten sie Nervenzellen elektrisch an und konnten anschließend sehen, wie sich die Zellen etwa zehn Minuten lang streckten, um sich enger zu verbinden. Dies ist ein möglicher Mechanismus des Gedächtnisses, schreiben die Wissenschaftler im Forschungsmagazin Cell. Den Forschern um Yukiko Goda von der Universität Kalifornien gelang es, unter dem Mikroskop eine Umgebung für Nervenzellen nachzustellen, in der sie zu natürlichen Lernprozessen animiert werden konnten. Die Wissenschaftler nahmen für ihre Versuche Zellen aus der Seepferdchen-Formation des Gehirns, dem Hippocampus, in dem sich beim Menschen Erinnerungen bilden. Regten die Forscher die Hirnzellen an, begann das innere Skelett der Zellen mit einem Umbau, so dass sie sich an einigen Stellen ausstülpten. Die Veränderungen verschwanden jedoch nach zehn Minuten wieder. Nur wenn die Nerven mehrfach auf die gleiche Weise angeregt wurden, bildeten sich neue Kontaktstellen zwischen den Zellen, die dauerhaft blieben. "An Vorgänge, die sich sehr oft wiederholt haben, kann man sich ein Leben lang erinnern", erklärte Goda."
Field: Kognitionswissenschaft

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