Document (#24622)

Author
Greshoff, R.
Title
Theorienvielfalt in den Sozialwissenschaften und ihre begrifflichen Probleme
Source
Herausforderungen an die Wissensorganisation: Visualisierung, multimediale Dokumente, Internetstrukturen. 5. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Berlin, 07.-10. Oktober 1997. Hrsg.: H. Czap u.a
Imprint
Würzburg : Ergon Verlag
Year
1998
Pages
S.207-216
Series
Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.5
Abstract
Folgt man aktuelleren Beurteilungen, befinden sich die Sozialwissenschaften in einem trostlosen Zustand. Nach Wolf-Dieter Narr etwa sind diese als "zersplittert, konzeptlos, ohne Begriff ihrer spezifischen Aufgaben, eigenen Wirrwarr als Theorie- und Methodenpluralismus ausgebend" (Narr 1993: 255) einzuschätzen. David Collier und James Mahon meinen, daß "stable concepts and a shared understanding of categories are routinely viewed as a foundation of any research community. Yet ambiguity, confusion, and disputes about categories are common in the social sciences" (Collier/Mahon 1993: 845). Und für eine spezielle Sozialwissenschaft, die Soziologie, beschreibt James Coleman die Lage dahingehend, daß momentan "there is anarchy in the discipline of Sociology" (Coleman 1992: 277), weiter, daß es keinen "consensus on the definition of the discipline, the character of the problems that give it its coherence" sowie kein "criterion for judging what is 'right'" gibt (Coleman 1992: 263 f). Äußerungen, die derartige Einschätzungen bestätigen und annehmen lassen, daß Streite und unterschiedliche Positionen zu den verschiedensten Problemgebieten in den Sozialwissenschaften in charakteristischer Weise ausgeprägt vorhanden sind, lassen sich leicht zusammenstellen. Hinsichtlich von Theorien - um eine Wissensart herauszugreifen, die in vielfacher Weise forschungsleitend ist - wird z.B. in der Soziologie schon seit einiger Zeit darüber geklagt, daß es "ein vielfaches Durcheinander von mehr oder weniger miteinander konkurrierenden Theorieansätzen gibt" (Stehr 1986: 134). In eine ähnliche Richtung gehen Äußerungen, die die "im engeren Sinne Theoriediskussion zu nennende Szene" als sich "im Zustand der heillosen Zersplitterung" befindend, beschreiben (Wehrspaun 1985: 11). Auch in jüngster Zeit sind derartige Meinungen nicht selten. So ist etwa von "einem unabgeklärten Nebeneinander verschiedener Theorien" (Klages 1993: 9) bzw. "dem zerfaserten und zersplitterten Zustand der ... Theoriebildung" (Schmid 1993: 161) zu lesen. Ähnliche Einschätzungen wie die vorangestellten ließen sich für andere Sozialwissenschaften auch angeben
Field
Sozialwissenschaften

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