Document (#24477)

Author

Foellesdal, D.

Title

¬Der Philosoph der Philosophen : Sprache und Verständigung: Wer war Willard Van Orman Quine?

Source

Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.187 vom 14.8.2001, S.20

Year

2001

Abstract

Für Quine gibt es keinen absolut sicheren Anfangspunkt, der unserem philosophischen Gebäude als Fundament dienen könnte. Und es gibt auch keinen Standpunkt, von dem aus wir alles von außen betrachten könnten. Wir sind in eine Art Existenz geworfen, die wir versuchen müssen zu verstehen, ohne aus ihr heraustreten zu können

Content

Der amerikanische Philosoph Willard Van Oman Quine, der Weihnachten letzten Jahres im Alter von 92 Jahren starb, ist ein interessantes Phänomen in der Philosophie des 20. Jahrhunderts. In Fachkreisen gehört er sicherlich zu den meistdiskutierten Philosophen. Erst kürzlich erschien eine fünfbändige Aufsatzsammlung, in der 140 Texte von den mehr als 2000 enthalten sind, die bisher über ihn geschrieben wurden - wobei über Quine 140 Aufsätze in gerade mal einem Jahr entstehen. Führende Philosophen wie Peter Strawson und Stuart Hampshire sind in ihrer Einschätzung eindeutig: Quine ist der bedeutendste lebende systematische Philosoph", schrieb Hampshire 1979. Quine ist der bemerkenswerteste und einflussreichste lebende Philosoph", schrieb Strawson zehn Jahre später. Trotzdem ist Quine unter NichtPhilosophen weniger bekannt als zum Beispiel Wittgenstein oder Heidegger. Was ist der Grund dafür; dass Quine, der die Philosophen so stark beschäftigt und der Philosoph der Philosophen" genannt werden könnte, in der breiteren Offentlichkeit so wenig bekannt ist? Man könnte denken, dass seine Schriften zu schwergewichtig und schwierig sind. Sein Stil war aber brillant: lebendig, oft spielerisch und immer von funkelnder Klarheit. Er schrieb viel, arbeitete aber alles so gründlich durch wie ein Dichter. Sein Stil ist prägnant, jedes Wort zählt, trotzdem sind seine Texte flüssig und scheinbar mühelos geschrieben. Bertrand Russell, der erhin einen Nobelpreis für Literatur erhielt, war sehr viel weitschweifiger. Quines verdichteter Stil ist wahrscheinlich ein Grund, warum viele ihn schwierig finden. Man muss sich konzentrieren wie wenn man gute Gedichte liest; jeder Satz regt die Reflexion an. Dieser Zwang zur Konzentration ist natürlich größer, wenn man mit den Problemen, die erörtert werden, und mit dem Zusammenhang, in dem sie stehen, nicht vertraut ist. Trotzdem: Wenn man das Gesagte durchdenkt, ist man erstaunt, wie gut es Quine gelungen ist auszudrücken, was er mitteilen wollte. Viele seiner kurzen und treffenden Wendungen sind Teil des philosophischen Vokabulars geworden, wie zum Beispiel ,widerspenstige Erfahrung" (eine Erfahrung, die dem zuwiderläuft, was wir erwarten und uns daher zwingt, unsere Meinung zu revidieren) oder keine Entität ohne Identität" (wenn man über Gegenstände spricht, sollte man klare Kriterien dafür angeben, wann Gegenstände gleich und wann sie verschieden sind). Quine hat sich immer bemüht, seine Einsichten so klar und so einfach wie möglich zu formulieren. Das war für ihn ein wichtiger Teil der intellektuellen Redlichkeit. Es ist leicht, über Einfaches klar zu schreiben

Theme

Biographische Darstellungen

Field

Philosophie

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