Document (#23589)

Author
saal
Title
¬Die Gedanken sind nicht mehr frei
Source
Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.19 vom 23.1.2001, S.23
Year
2001
Abstract
Die Gedanken sind und bleiben frei - es sei denn, zwei Hirnforscherinnen schauen einem gerade in den Kopf. Genau dies taten Kathleen O'Craven vom Rotman Research Institute in Toronto und Nancy Kanwisher vom Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. Mit einem bildgebenden Verfahren, der funktionellen Kernspint-Tomographie, machten sie sichtbar, welche Hirnregionen bei ihren Versuchspersonen aktiv wurden, wenn sie auf Kommando ihre Vorstellungskraft bemühten. Dabei gelang es den beiden Wissenschaftlerinnen mit erstaunlicher Treffsicherheit, vom Aktivierungsmuster des Gehirns abzulesen, ob die Betreffenden sich gerade ein Gesicht oder aber einen Ort vorstellten. In 85 Prozent der Fälle lagen sie mit ihrer Vorhersage richtig. Mit ihrem Experiment bestätigten die Forscherinnen, dass ein bestimmtes Hirnareal für die Analyse von räumlichen Eindrücken zuständig ist, während eine andere Region sich auf das Erkennen von Gesichtern spezialisiert hat. Dabei spielt es keine Rolle, ob die Person bloß an das betreffende Objekt denkt oder es tatsächlich vor sich sieht. Wie O'Craven und Kanwisher nachwiesen, erzeugen vorgestellte Gesichter im Gehirn dasselbe Aktivierungsmuster wie gesehene, und ein imaginierter Ort wird im selben Areal abgebildet wie ein realer. Einzig in der Intensität der Aktivierung machen reale Wahrnehmungen im Gehirn mehr Wirbel als die eher stumpfen und flüchtigen Bilder unserer Vorstellung
Field
Kognitionswissenschaft

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