Document (#16071)

Author

Rajagopalan, R.

Title

Picture semantics for integrating text and diagram input

Source

Artificial intelligence review. 10(1996) nos.3/4, S.321-344

Year

1996

Abstract

Presents a methodology, the Picture Semantics description language, for associating contextual information with objects drawn through graphical editors. Describes the implemented research tool, the Figure Understander, which uses this methodology to integrate the differing information in text and graphically drawn diagrammatic input into a single unified knowledge base description. Illustrates the utility of the methods through examples from 2 independent domains

Similar documents (content)

1. Soergel, D.: Conceptual foundations for semantic mapping and semantic search (2011) 0.11

   0.11349823 = sum of:
     0.11349823 = product of:
       0.47290933 = sum of:
         0.0713671 = weight(abstract_txt:illustrates in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0713671 = score(doc=926,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14321627 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1323291 = boost
               6.3784575 = idf(docFreq=204, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.498317 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3784575 = idf(docFreq=204, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
         0.049775526 = weight(abstract_txt:through in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049775526 = score(doc=926,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11263436 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4201262 = boost
               3.9998152 = idf(docFreq=2211, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.44192132 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9998152 = idf(docFreq=2211, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
         0.036291894 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036291894 = score(doc=926,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11495911 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4347069 = boost
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.3156939 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
         0.06231174 = weight(abstract_txt:description in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06231174 = score(doc=926,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1648353 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7179741 = boost
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.37802422 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
         0.12048473 = weight(abstract_txt:semantics in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12048473 = score(doc=926,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25583404 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1402802 = boost
               6.0281444 = idf(docFreq=290, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.4709488 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0281444 = idf(docFreq=290, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
         0.13267833 = weight(abstract_txt:drawn in 926) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13267833 = score(doc=926,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2728163 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.210175 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.48632845 = fieldWeight in 926, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=926)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Liu, Y.-H.; Dantzig, P.; Sachs, M.; Corey, J.T.; Hinnebusch, M.T.; Damashek, M.; Cohen, J.: Visualizing document classification : a search aid for the digital library (2000) 0.09

   0.08559361 = sum of:
     0.08559361 = product of:
       0.42796806 = sum of:
         0.043144945 = weight(abstract_txt:independent in 5431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043144945 = score(doc=5431,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1188193 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.031383 = boost
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.36311397 = fieldWeight in 5431, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5431)
         0.06419265 = weight(abstract_txt:graphical in 5431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06419265 = score(doc=5431,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15485452 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1774391 = boost
               6.6325636 = idf(docFreq=158, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.41453522 = fieldWeight in 5431, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.6325636 = idf(docFreq=158, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5431)
         0.02815729 = weight(abstract_txt:through in 5431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02815729 = score(doc=5431,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11263436 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4201262 = boost
               3.9998152 = idf(docFreq=2211, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.24998845 = fieldWeight in 5431, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9998152 = idf(docFreq=2211, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5431)
         0.15049806 = weight(abstract_txt:graphically in 5431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15049806 = score(doc=5431,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27328825 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5641809 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.5506935 = fieldWeight in 5431, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5431)
         0.1419751 = weight(abstract_txt:input in 5431) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1419751 = score(doc=5431,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2628705 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1695137 = boost
               6.110481 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.54009527 = fieldWeight in 5431, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.110481 = idf(docFreq=267, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5431)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

3. Lucas, H.: Representing WWW navigational data : a graphical methodology to support qualitative analysis (1998) 0.07

   0.07260025 = sum of:
     0.07260025 = product of:
       0.4537516 = sum of:
         0.080240816 = weight(abstract_txt:graphical in 1062) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.080240816 = score(doc=1062,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15485452 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1774391 = boost
               6.6325636 = idf(docFreq=158, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.51816905 = fieldWeight in 1062, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.6325636 = idf(docFreq=158, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1062)
         0.18812259 = weight(abstract_txt:graphically in 1062) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18812259 = score(doc=1062,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.27328825 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5641809 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.6883669 = fieldWeight in 1062, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1062)
         0.05270984 = weight(abstract_txt:methodology in 1062) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05270984 = score(doc=1062,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14743416 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.624765 = boost
               4.5761847 = idf(docFreq=1242, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.35751444 = fieldWeight in 1062, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5761847 = idf(docFreq=1242, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1062)
         0.13267833 = weight(abstract_txt:drawn in 1062) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13267833 = score(doc=1062,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2728163 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.210175 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.48632845 = fieldWeight in 1062, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1062)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

4. Wild, P.J.; Giess, M.D.; McMahon, C.A.: Describing engineering documents with faceted approaches : observations and reflections (2009) 0.07

   0.068881266 = sum of:
     0.068881266 = product of:
       0.3444063 = sum of:
         0.039325114 = weight(abstract_txt:base in 592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.039325114 = score(doc=592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11169841 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.633042 = idf(docFreq=431, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.35206512 = fieldWeight in 592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.633042 = idf(docFreq=431, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=592)
         0.08627298 = weight(abstract_txt:differing in 592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08627298 = score(doc=592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18858922 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2993762 = boost
               7.319441 = idf(docFreq=79, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.45746505 = fieldWeight in 592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.319441 = idf(docFreq=79, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=592)
         0.042167872 = weight(abstract_txt:methodology in 592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042167872 = score(doc=592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14743416 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.624765 = boost
               4.5761847 = idf(docFreq=1242, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.28601155 = fieldWeight in 592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5761847 = idf(docFreq=1242, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=592)
         0.07049768 = weight(abstract_txt:description in 592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07049768 = score(doc=592,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1648353 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7179741 = boost
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.42768556 = fieldWeight in 592, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=592)
         0.10614266 = weight(abstract_txt:drawn in 592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10614266 = score(doc=592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2728163 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.210175 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.38906276 = fieldWeight in 592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=592)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

5. Leung, C.H.C.; Hibler, J.N.D.: Architecture of a pictorial database management system (1991) 0.07

   0.06667031 = sum of:
     0.06667031 = product of:
       0.555586 = sum of:
         0.06328282 = weight(abstract_txt:implemented in 4796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06328282 = score(doc=4796,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11705681 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.023705 = boost
               5.7665734 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.5406163 = fieldWeight in 4796, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7665734 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4796)
         0.10574652 = weight(abstract_txt:description in 4796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10574652 = score(doc=4796,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1648353 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7179741 = boost
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             0.64152837 = fieldWeight in 4796, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.83871 = idf(docFreq=955, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4796)
         0.38655666 = weight(abstract_txt:picture in 4796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.38655666 = score(doc=4796,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.28820506 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2716546 = boost
               6.398163 = idf(docFreq=200, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019829147 = queryNorm
             1.3412557 = fieldWeight in 4796, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.398163 = idf(docFreq=200, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4796)
       0.12 = coord(3/25)