Document (#4807)

Author
Wong, S.K.M.
Yao, Y.Y.
Title
¬An information-theoretic measure of term specifics
Source
Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 43(1992) no.1, S.54-61
Year
1992
Abstract
The inverse document frequency (IDF) and signal-noise ratio (S/N) approaches are term weighting schemes based on term specifics. However, the existing justifications for these methods are still some what inconclusive and sometimes even based on incompatible assumptions. Introduces an information-theoretic measure for term specifics. Shows that the IDF weighting scheme can be derived from the proposed approach by assuming that the frequency of occurrence of each index term is uniform within the set of documents containing the term. The information-theoretic interpretation of term specifics also establishes the relationship between the IDF and S/N methods

Similar documents (author)

  1. Wong, S.K.M.: On modelling information retrieval with probabilistic inference (1995) 8.01
    8.008013 = sum of:
      8.008013 = sum of:
        2.8995771 = weight(author_txt:wong in 2006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.8995771 = score(doc=2006,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.56542915 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            5.1281 = fieldWeight in 2006, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2006)
        5.108435 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 2006) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          5.108435 = score(doc=2006,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.8247969 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.2077705 = boost
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            6.1935673 = fieldWeight in 2006, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2006)
    
  2. Wong, S.K.M.; Yao, Y.Y.: Query formulation in linear retrieval models (1990) 6.41
    6.40641 = sum of:
      6.40641 = sum of:
        2.3196619 = weight(author_txt:wong in 3639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.3196619 = score(doc=3639,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.56542915 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            4.10248 = fieldWeight in 3639, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3639)
        4.086748 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 3639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          4.086748 = score(doc=3639,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.8247969 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.2077705 = boost
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            4.954854 = fieldWeight in 3639, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3639)
    
  3. Wong, S.K.M.; Butz, C.J.; Xiang, X.: Automated database schema design using mined data dependencies (1998) 4.80
    4.8048077 = sum of:
      4.8048077 = sum of:
        1.7397463 = weight(author_txt:wong in 3897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          1.7397463 = score(doc=3897,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.56542915 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            3.07686 = fieldWeight in 3897, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=3897)
        3.0650613 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 3897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          3.0650613 = score(doc=3897,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.8247969 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.2077705 = boost
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            3.7161405 = fieldWeight in 3897, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=3897)
    
  4. Wong, S.K.M.; Yao, Y.Y.; Salton, G.; Buckley, C.: Evaluation of an adaptive linear model (1991) 4.00
    4.0040064 = sum of:
      4.0040064 = sum of:
        1.4497886 = weight(author_txt:wong in 4835) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          1.4497886 = score(doc=4835,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.56542915 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            2.56405 = fieldWeight in 4835, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
              0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4835)
        2.5542176 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 4835) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.5542176 = score(doc=4835,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.8247969 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.2077705 = boost
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.068913095 = queryNorm
            3.0967836 = fieldWeight in 4835, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
              0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4835)
    
  5. Wong, K.: Frühe Spuren des menschlichen Geistes (2005) 1.45
    1.4497886 = sum of:
      1.4497886 = product of:
        2.8995771 = sum of:
          2.8995771 = weight(author_txt:wong in 1983) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            2.8995771 = score(doc=1983,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.56542915 = queryWeight, product of:
                8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
                0.068913095 = queryNorm
              5.1281 = fieldWeight in 1983, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
                0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1983)
        0.5 = coord(1/2)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Aizawa, A.: ¬An information-theoretic perspective of tf-idf measures (2003) 0.26
    0.2600951 = sum of:
      0.2600951 = product of:
        0.8127972 = sum of:
          0.012851785 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.012851785 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.043067064 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0926131 = boost
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.2984133 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.061741903 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.061741903 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09732244 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1614093 = boost
                6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.6344056 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.016919889 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.016919889 = score(doc=5155,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.037305973 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2454566 = boost
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.45354366 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.090755306 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.090755306 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12581748 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.320533 = boost
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.7213251 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.064017825 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.064017825 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12561367 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.8660026 = boost
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.5096406 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.11864422 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11864422 = score(doc=5155,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.15042639 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0420003 = boost
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.7887195 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.29412922 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.29412922 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.39739785 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0649214 = boost
                7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.74013793 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
          0.15373708 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 5155) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15373708 = score(doc=5155,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.34201467 = queryWeight, product of:
                5.7603674 = boost
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.44950435 = fieldWeight in 5155, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5155)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  2. Dang, E.K.F.; Luk, R.W.P.; Allan, J.: Beyond bag-of-words : bigram-enhanced context-dependent term weights (2014) 0.21
    0.20955652 = sum of:
      0.20955652 = product of:
        0.5821014 = sum of:
          0.012984967 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.012984967 = score(doc=2283,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.043067064 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0926131 = boost
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.30150574 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.03601611 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03601611 = score(doc=2283,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09732244 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1614093 = boost
                6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.37006995 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.0069790976 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0069790976 = score(doc=2283,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.037305973 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2454566 = boost
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.18707721 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.052940592 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.052940592 = score(doc=2283,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12581748 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.320533 = boost
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.42077297 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.054932453 = weight(abstract_txt:noise in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.054932453 = score(doc=2283,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12895389 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.336891 = boost
                7.7894444 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.42598525 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.7894444 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.016536094 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.016536094 = score(doc=2283,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07297606 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4222764 = boost
                4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.22659616 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.06920913 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06920913 = score(doc=2283,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.15042639 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0420003 = boost
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.46008635 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.07884973 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07884973 = score(doc=2283,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.20674035 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3939023 = boost
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.38139498 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
          0.25365323 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 2283) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.25365323 = score(doc=2283,freq=8.0), product of:
              0.34201467 = queryWeight, product of:
                5.7603674 = boost
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.7416443 = fieldWeight in 2283, product of:
                2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                  8.0 = termFreq=8.0
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2283)
        0.36 = coord(9/25)
    
  3. Losee, R.M.: Term dependence : a basis for Luhn and Zipf models (2001) 0.20
    0.19507846 = sum of:
      0.19507846 = product of:
        0.6967088 = sum of:
          0.03518166 = weight(abstract_txt:interpretation in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03518166 = score(doc=976,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.075536706 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0231936 = boost
                5.9616747 = idf(docFreq=310, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.46575582 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.9616747 = idf(docFreq=310, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.01070982 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01070982 = score(doc=976,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.043067064 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0926131 = boost
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.24867775 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.015764175 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.015764175 = score(doc=976,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.037305973 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2454566 = boost
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.4225644 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.10695615 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10695615 = score(doc=976,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.12581748 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.320533 = boost
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.8500897 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.05334819 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.05334819 = score(doc=976,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12561367 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.8660026 = boost
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.4247005 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.34663463 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.34663463 = score(doc=976,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.39739785 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0649214 = boost
                7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.8722609 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
          0.12811422 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 976) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12811422 = score(doc=976,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.34201467 = queryWeight, product of:
                5.7603674 = boost
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.37458694 = fieldWeight in 976, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=976)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  4. Ruthven, I.; Lalmas, M.; Rijsbergen, K. van: Combining and selecting characteristics of information use (2002) 0.19
    0.18823938 = sum of:
      0.18823938 = product of:
        0.5882481 = sum of:
          0.009087584 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.009087584 = score(doc=208,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.043067064 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0926131 = boost
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.21101005 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.0059820837 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0059820837 = score(doc=208,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.037305973 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2454566 = boost
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.1603519 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                2.4188995 = idf(docFreq=10748, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.062021036 = weight(abstract_txt:ratio in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.062021036 = score(doc=208,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.12298788 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3055995 = boost
                7.607123 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.50428575 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.607123 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.045377653 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.045377653 = score(doc=208,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12581748 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.320533 = boost
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.36066255 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.09416992 = weight(abstract_txt:noise in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09416992 = score(doc=208,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.12895389 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.336891 = boost
                7.7894444 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.73026043 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                7.7894444 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.072654456 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.072654456 = score(doc=208,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.15042639 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0420003 = boost
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.4829901 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.0955803 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0955803 = score(doc=208,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.20674035 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3939023 = boost
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.4623205 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
          0.20337504 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 208) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.20337504 = score(doc=208,freq=7.0), product of:
              0.34201467 = queryWeight, product of:
                5.7603674 = boost
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.59463835 = fieldWeight in 208, product of:
                2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                  7.0 = termFreq=7.0
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=208)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  5. Wolfram, D.; Zhang, J.: ¬An investigation of the influence of indexing exhaustivity and term distributions on a document space (2002) 0.16
    0.15574914 = sum of:
      0.15574914 = product of:
        0.55624694 = sum of:
          0.017135713 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.017135713 = score(doc=238,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.043067064 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0926131 = boost
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.3978844 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.08556491 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08556491 = score(doc=238,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.12581748 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.320533 = boost
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.6800718 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.018898394 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.018898394 = score(doc=238,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07297606 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4222764 = boost
                4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.25896704 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.04267855 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04267855 = score(doc=238,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12561367 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.8660026 = boost
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.3397604 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.4361663 = idf(docFreq=525, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.096872605 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.096872605 = score(doc=238,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.15042639 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0420003 = boost
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.64398676 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.090113975 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.090113975 = score(doc=238,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.20674035 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3939023 = boost
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.43587998 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.9740796 = idf(docFreq=112, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
          0.20498277 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 238) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.20498277 = score(doc=238,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.34201467 = queryWeight, product of:
                5.7603674 = boost
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.012383173 = queryNorm
              0.5993391 = fieldWeight in 238, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=238)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)