Document (#4782)

Author

Horner, D.S.

Title

Frameworks for technology analysis and classification

Source

Journal of information science. 18(1992) no.1, S.57-68

Year

1992

Abstract

Reviews different types of principles used in technology classification and their embodiment in varieties of classification schemes. The principles considered are: classification according to historical development; natural laws; branch of production; function within branch of production; or by construction principle. Discusses 4 types of classification: bibliographic, patent, product, and analytical. Explores the extent to which such principles and practice deal with technology in terms of ideas and frameworks rooted in the objective or internal structure of technology or the extent to which they rely on extra-technological concepts and frameworks. Proposes a conceptual framework which expresses the tension between approaches which rely on extra-technological priciples and approaches based on some notion of the objective or internal structure of technology. This takes the form of a contrast between linguistic and taxonomic paradigms

Similar documents (content)

1. Perez-Molina, E.: ¬The role of patent citations as a footprint of technology (2018) 0.12

   0.118476175 = sum of:
     0.118476175 = product of:
       0.49365073 = sum of:
         0.09862938 = weight(abstract_txt:patent in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09862938 = score(doc=187,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12880093 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0023124 = boost
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.7657505 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
         0.04904147 = weight(abstract_txt:structure in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04904147 = score(doc=187,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.101851426 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.260498 = boost
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.48150006 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
         0.0747943 = weight(abstract_txt:technological in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0747943 = score(doc=187,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1700254 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.628604 = boost
               5.6307297 = idf(docFreq=432, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.43990076 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6307297 = idf(docFreq=432, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
         0.020729026 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020729026 = score(doc=187,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.091060646 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6855397 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.2276398 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
         0.06664047 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06664047 = score(doc=187,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21366833 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8866804 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.31188744 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
         0.18381608 = weight(abstract_txt:technology in 187) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18381608 = score(doc=187,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.24576147 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0958898 = boost
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.7479451 = fieldWeight in 187, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=187)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Kay, L.; Newman, N.; Youtie, J.; Porter, A.L.; Rafols, I.: Patent overlay mapping : visualizing technological distance (2014) 0.11

   0.10946268 = sum of:
     0.10946268 = product of:
       0.5473134 = sum of:
         0.01958966 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 2543) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01958966 = score(doc=2543,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06410365 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.30559355 = fieldWeight in 2543, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2543)
         0.19327332 = weight(abstract_txt:patent in 2543) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19327332 = score(doc=2543,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.12880093 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0023124 = boost
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             1.5005585 = fieldWeight in 2543, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2543)
         0.103638016 = weight(abstract_txt:technological in 2543) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.103638016 = score(doc=2543,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.1700254 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.628604 = boost
               5.6307297 = idf(docFreq=432, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.60954434 = fieldWeight in 2543, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.6307297 = idf(docFreq=432, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2543)
         0.17750005 = weight(abstract_txt:branch in 2543) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17750005 = score(doc=2543,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.35102695 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.34007 = boost
               8.090549 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.50565934 = fieldWeight in 2543, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.090549 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2543)
         0.053312376 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 2543) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053312376 = score(doc=2543,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21366833 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8866804 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.24950996 = fieldWeight in 2543, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2543)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

3. Gamber, T.; Friedrich-Nishio, M.; Grupp, H.: Science and technology in standardization : a statistical analysis of merging knowledge structures (2008) 0.11

   0.10610061 = sum of:
     0.10610061 = product of:
       0.37893075 = sum of:
         0.024487076 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024487076 = score(doc=3260,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06410365 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.38199192 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.06974151 = weight(abstract_txt:patent in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06974151 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12880093 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0023124 = boost
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.5414674 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.930783 = idf(docFreq=117, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.034677558 = weight(abstract_txt:structure in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034677558 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.101851426 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.260498 = boost
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.34047198 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.08045004 = weight(abstract_txt:objective in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08045004 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1784921 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.668661 = boost
               5.7692223 = idf(docFreq=376, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.4507205 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7692223 = idf(docFreq=376, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.020729026 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020729026 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.091060646 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6855397 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.2276398 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.06664047 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06664047 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21366833 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8866804 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.31188744 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
         0.08220505 = weight(abstract_txt:technology in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08220505 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24576147 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0958898 = boost
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.3344912 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

4. Mansourian, Y.; Ford, N.: Web searchers' attributions of success and failure: an empirical study (2007) 0.10

   0.10210193 = sum of:
     0.10210193 = product of:
       0.42542472 = sum of:
         0.010388986 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010388986 = score(doc=1840,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06410365 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.16206545 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
         0.024438461 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024438461 = score(doc=1840,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1133835 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3299446 = boost
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.21553807 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
         0.05964011 = weight(abstract_txt:extent in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05964011 = score(doc=1840,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1631234 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5952059 = boost
               5.515259 = idf(docFreq=485, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.36561346 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.515259 = idf(docFreq=485, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
         0.017589163 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017589163 = score(doc=1840,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.091060646 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6855397 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.19315878 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
         0.08473441 = weight(abstract_txt:internal in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08473441 = score(doc=1840,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.20615658 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7933176 = boost
               6.2002096 = idf(docFreq=244, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.41101968 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.2002096 = idf(docFreq=244, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
         0.2286336 = weight(abstract_txt:frameworks in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2286336 = score(doc=1840,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.36302602 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9145608 = boost
               6.717861 = idf(docFreq=145, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.6297995 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.717861 = idf(docFreq=145, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Hjoerland, B.: Fundamentals of knowledge organization (2003) 0.10

   0.10122143 = sum of:
     0.10122143 = product of:
       0.31631696 = sum of:
         0.014692246 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014692246 = score(doc=3290,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06410365 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.22919516 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4573963 = idf(docFreq=3804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.020806532 = weight(abstract_txt:structure in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020806532 = score(doc=3290,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.101851426 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.260498 = boost
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.20428318 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3580413 = idf(docFreq=1545, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.034561202 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034561202 = score(doc=3290,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1133835 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3299446 = boost
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.30481684 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5981455 = idf(docFreq=1215, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.042171925 = weight(abstract_txt:extent in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042171925 = score(doc=3290,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1631234 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5952059 = boost
               5.515259 = idf(docFreq=485, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.25852776 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.515259 = idf(docFreq=485, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.0474878 = weight(abstract_txt:production in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0474878 = score(doc=3290,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17655851 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6595981 = boost
               5.7378883 = idf(docFreq=388, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.26896352 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7378883 = idf(docFreq=388, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.017589163 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017589163 = score(doc=3290,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.091060646 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6855397 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.19315878 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.06925481 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06925481 = score(doc=3290,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21366833 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8866804 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.32412294 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
         0.0697533 = weight(abstract_txt:technology in 3290) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0697533 = score(doc=3290,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.24576147 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.0958898 = boost
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01854102 = queryNorm
             0.2838252 = fieldWeight in 3290, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.2814875 = idf(docFreq=1668, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3290)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)