Document (#44295)

Author
Postman, N.
Title
¬Die zweite Aufklärung : vom 18. ins 21. Jahrhundert
Imprint
Berlin : Berlin-Verl.
Year
1999
Pages
253 S
Isbn
978-3-8270-0171-9
Abstract
Der amerikanische Kulturkritiker äußert sich sehr kritisch zu den Themen Fortschritt, Technologie, Sprache, Information, Erzählungen, Kinder, Demokratie und Erziehung. Ausgehend von den Erfahrungen der Vergangenheit, entwirft er Handlungsmodelle für die Zukunft. Handlungsanleitungen für die Zukunft. (PI),,Neil Postman ist sowohl für Polemik und Provokation als auch für originelle Denkansätze bekannt. Im vorliegenden Buch spricht er als erklärter "Feind dieses Jahrhunderts", einer Zeit, die wenig gute Ideen hervorgebracht habe, und wendet seinen Blick nach hinten, um in die Zukunft zu sehen. Er erinnert sich dabei an die besseren Träume der Zeit der Aufklärung und stellt gegen die von ihm diagnostizierte psychische Desorientierung der Gegenwart die Rückbindung an eine humane Tradition, die gesunde Autorität, Sinngebung und ein paar gute Ideen für das 21. Jahrhundert anbiete. In 8 Kapiteln schlägt er die Brücke ins 18. Jahrhundert, 8 Schlagworte (Fortschritt, Technologie, Sprache, Information, Erzählungen, Kinder, Demokratie, Erziehung) stellt er in den historischen Kontext und prüft ihre Bedeutung für die Zukunft. Dabei verklärt er die Aufklärung nicht, sieht aber jeweils das "Geschenk" dieser Periode und schöpft aus der Erinnerung an die Vergangenheit auch kritische und polemische Kontraststandpunkte zu Erscheinungen der Gegenwartskultur. Die noch nicht umgesetzen Denkmodelle stellt er anschaulich als mögliche Handlungsmodelle einer humaneren Zukunft vor.
Neil Postman ist - ganz im Sinne des gegenwärtig verbreiteten amerikanischen Kulturpessimismus - durch aufrüttelnde Warnungen vor den Konsequenzen wissenschaftlich-technischen Fortschritts bekannt geworden. Die Entmündigung der Menschen durch die Technologien, das Ende von Kindheit und Erziehung in der rationalen Welt von heute waren ebenso seine Themen wie die Widerwärtigkeit der Spaß- und Spielgesellschaft. Das vorliegende Buch ist ein Essay im Stile von "Das Beste aus ..." und gibt einen Überblick über die entsprechenden Anliegen Postmans. Der Reader ist eine leicht und flüssig geschriebene Bewertung der Aufklärung. Sie wird positiv beurteilt, wo sie Freiheit, Humanität und eine Reihe weiterer Errungenschaften gebracht hat. Mit pessimistischer Geste wird das Umschlagen der Aufklärung in einen Antihumanismus der Gegenwart beklagt. Die neuen Kommunikationsgewohnheiten, der überbordende Individualismus, die Macht der Technologie und der globalen Konzerne, der Verlust von Kindheit und der Religionen, dies alles rührt an die Wurzeln der Demokratie. Diese Mischung wird mit kräftiger Polemik und vielen undifferenzierten Verkürzungen präsentiert, ohne dass kreative Alternativen ins Auge springen außer ein nicht näher bestimmter idealisierter Aufklärungsbegriff, den es hochzuhalten gälte. Trotzdem, wer sich von den zahlreichen Platitüden nicht abschrecken lässt, wird durch viele historische Verweise belohnt und wird manch eine Anregung erfahren, über die Ambivalenz des Fortschritts nachzudenken.
Content
Vgl. den Beitrag von Achim Wittenberg unter: https://multipolar-magazin.de/artikel/die-zweite-aufklaerung.
Footnote
Originaltitel: A bridge to the eighteenth century.
Field
Kommunikationswissenschaften
RSWK
Aufklärung

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