Document (#43849)

Author
Cui, Y.
Wang, Y.
Liu, X.
Wang, X.
Zhang, X.
Title
Multidimensional scholarly citations : characterizing and understanding scholars' citation behaviors
Source
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 74(2023) no.1, S.115-127
Year
2023
Abstract
This study investigates scholars' citation behaviors from a fine-grained perspective. Specifically, each scholarly citation is considered multidimensional rather than logically unidimensional (i.e., present or absent). Thirty million articles from PubMed were accessed for use in empirical research, in which a total of 15 interpretable features of scholarly citations were constructed and grouped into three main categories. Each category corresponds to one aspect of the reasons and motivations behind scholars' citation decision-making during academic writing. Using about 500,000 pairs of actual and randomly generated scholarly citations, a series of Random Forest-based classification experiments were conducted to quantitatively evaluate the correlation between each constructed citation feature and citation decisions made by scholars. Our experimental results indicate that citation proximity is the category most relevant to scholars' citation decision-making, followed by citation authority and citation inertia. However, big-name scholars whose h-indexes rank among the top 1% exhibit a unique pattern of citation behaviors-their citation decision-making correlates most closely with citation inertia, with the correlation nearly three times as strong as that of their ordinary counterparts. Hopefully, the empirical findings presented in this paper can bring us closer to characterizing and understanding the complex process of generating scholarly citations in academia.
Content
Vgl.: https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24709. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24709.
Theme
Informetrie
Citation indexing

Similar documents (author)

  1. Wolfram, D.; Wang, P.; Zhang, J.: Identifying Web search session patterns using cluster analysis : a comparison of three search environments (2009) 3.26 
    3.2599216 = sum of:
  3.2599216 = sum of:
    1.0412079 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.0412079 = score(doc=2796,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.43222335 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.408958 = fieldWeight in 2796, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2796)
    2.2187138 = weight(author_txt:wang in 2796) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.2187138 = score(doc=2796,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.90176654 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.0427158 = boost
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 2796, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2796)
  2. Zhang, J.; Wolfram, D.; Wang, P.: Analysis of query keywords of sports-related queries using visualization and clustering (2009) 3.26 
    3.2599216 = sum of:
  3.2599216 = sum of:
    1.0412079 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2947) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.0412079 = score(doc=2947,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.43222335 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.408958 = fieldWeight in 2947, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2947)
    2.2187138 = weight(author_txt:wang in 2947) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.2187138 = score(doc=2947,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.90176654 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.0427158 = boost
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 2947, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2947)
  3. Zhang, L.; Wang, S.; Liu, B.: Deep learning for sentiment analysis : a survey (2018) 3.26 
    3.2599216 = sum of:
  3.2599216 = sum of:
    1.0412079 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 4092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.0412079 = score(doc=4092,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.43222335 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.408958 = fieldWeight in 4092, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4092)
    2.2187138 = weight(author_txt:wang in 4092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.2187138 = score(doc=4092,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.90176654 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.0427158 = boost
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 4092, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4092)
  4. Zhang, P.; Wang, OP.; Wu, Q.: How are the best JASIST papers cited? (2018) 3.26 
    3.2599216 = sum of:
  3.2599216 = sum of:
    1.0412079 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 4259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.0412079 = score(doc=4259,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.43222335 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.408958 = fieldWeight in 4259, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4259)
    2.2187138 = weight(author_txt:wang in 4259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.2187138 = score(doc=4259,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.90176654 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.0427158 = boost
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 4259, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=4259)
  5. Wang, J.; Halffman, W.; Zhang, Y.H.: Sorting out journals : the proliferation of journal lists in China (2023) 3.26 
    3.2599216 = sum of:
  3.2599216 = sum of:
    1.0412079 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 1055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.0412079 = score(doc=1055,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.43222335 = queryWeight, product of:
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.408958 = fieldWeight in 1055, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1055)
    2.2187138 = weight(author_txt:wang in 1055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.2187138 = score(doc=1055,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.90176654 = queryWeight, product of:
          2.0427158 = boost
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.067283764 = queryNorm
        2.4604082 = fieldWeight in 1055, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          6.5610886 = idf(docFreq=169, maxDocs=44218)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1055)

Similar documents (content)

  1. Tang, R.; Safer, M.A.: Author-rated importance of cited references in biology and psychology publications (2008) 0.21 
    0.20615165 = sum of:
  0.20615165 = product of:
    0.7362559 = sum of:
      0.017739093 = weight(abstract_txt:understanding in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.017739093 = score(doc=1738,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.07150993 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.1021644 = boost
            4.5360413 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.24806476 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.5360413 = idf(docFreq=1287, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.03802859 = weight(abstract_txt:empirical in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03802859 = score(doc=1738,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.09436456 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.266099 = boost
            5.2107263 = idf(docFreq=655, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.40299654 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.2107263 = idf(docFreq=655, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.014093296 = weight(abstract_txt:were in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.014093296 = score(doc=1738,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.07021839 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3376247 = boost
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.20070662 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.019919822 = weight(abstract_txt:each in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.019919822 = score(doc=1738,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.08843675 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.501154 = boost
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.2252437 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.0656241 = weight(abstract_txt:behaviors in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0656241 = score(doc=1738,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.19580244 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.233664 = boost
            6.128543 = idf(docFreq=261, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.33515468 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.128543 = idf(docFreq=261, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.057852376 = weight(abstract_txt:citations in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.057852376 = score(doc=1738,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.19813882 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.5945556 = boost
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.291979 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
      0.52299863 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 1738) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.52299863 = score(doc=1738,freq=13.0), product of:
          0.5416712 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.733708 = boost
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.9655278 = fieldWeight in 1738, product of:
            3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
              13.0 = termFreq=13.0
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1738)
    0.28 = coord(7/25)
  2. Johnson, B.; Oppenheim, C.: How socially connected are citers to those that they cite? (2007) 0.19 
    0.190577 = sum of:
  0.190577 = product of:
    0.79407084 = sum of:
      0.01870836 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.01870836 = score(doc=839,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.067780994 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0730431 = boost
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.27601188 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
      0.042614117 = weight(abstract_txt:were in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.042614117 = score(doc=839,freq=7.0), product of:
          0.07021839 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3376247 = boost
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.6068797 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
              7.0 = termFreq=7.0
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
      0.09632277 = weight(abstract_txt:correlation in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.09632277 = score(doc=839,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.14012954 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.5428654 = boost
            6.3497796 = idf(docFreq=209, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.6873838 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            6.3497796 = idf(docFreq=209, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
      0.07298159 = weight(abstract_txt:multidimensional in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.07298159 = score(doc=839,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.16796792 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.6891817 = boost
            6.9519553 = idf(docFreq=114, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.4344972 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.9519553 = idf(docFreq=114, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
      0.066117 = weight(abstract_txt:citations in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.066117 = score(doc=839,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.19813882 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.5945556 = boost
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.33369032 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
      0.497327 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 839) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.497327 = score(doc=839,freq=9.0), product of:
          0.5416712 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.733708 = boost
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.91813445 = fieldWeight in 839, product of:
            3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
              9.0 = termFreq=9.0
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=839)
    0.24 = coord(6/25)
  3. Schloegl, C.; Gorraiz, J.: Global usage versus global citation metrics : the case of pharmacology journals (2011) 0.18 
    0.1805076 = sum of:
  0.1805076 = product of:
    0.752115 = sum of:
      0.019930929 = weight(abstract_txt:were in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.019930929 = score(doc=4141,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.07021839 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3376247 = boost
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.283842 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
      0.019919822 = weight(abstract_txt:each in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.019919822 = score(doc=4141,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.08843675 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.501154 = boost
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.2252437 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
      0.08428243 = weight(abstract_txt:correlation in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.08428243 = score(doc=4141,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.14012954 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.5428654 = boost
            6.3497796 = idf(docFreq=209, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.6014608 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            6.3497796 = idf(docFreq=209, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
      0.11570475 = weight(abstract_txt:citations in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11570475 = score(doc=4141,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.19813882 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.5945556 = boost
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.583958 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
      0.07711599 = weight(abstract_txt:scholarly in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.07711599 = score(doc=4141,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.25851655 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.313427 = boost
            5.4546638 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.29830194 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.4546638 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
      0.4351611 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 4141) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.4351611 = score(doc=4141,freq=9.0), product of:
          0.5416712 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.733708 = boost
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.8033676 = fieldWeight in 4141, product of:
            3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
              9.0 = termFreq=9.0
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4141)
    0.24 = coord(6/25)
  4. Al, U.; Sahiner, M.; Tonta, Y.: Arts and humanities literature : bibliometric characteristics of contributions by Turkish authors (2006) 0.17 
    0.17167778 = sum of:
  0.17167778 = product of:
    0.7153241 = sum of:
      0.01870836 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.01870836 = score(doc=5108,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.067780994 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0730431 = boost
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.27601188 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
      0.03945301 = weight(abstract_txt:were in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03945301 = score(doc=5108,freq=6.0), product of:
          0.07021839 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3376247 = boost
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.5618615 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
              6.0 = termFreq=6.0
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
      0.066117 = weight(abstract_txt:citations in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.066117 = score(doc=5108,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.19813882 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.5945556 = boost
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.33369032 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
      0.12463825 = weight(abstract_txt:scholarly in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12463825 = score(doc=5108,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.25851655 = queryWeight, product of:
            3.313427 = boost
            5.4546638 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.4821287 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.4546638 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
      0.1792756 = weight(abstract_txt:scholars in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.1792756 = score(doc=5108,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.35004887 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.2236524 = boost
            5.794254 = idf(docFreq=365, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.5121445 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.794254 = idf(docFreq=365, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
      0.28713188 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 5108) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.28713188 = score(doc=5108,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.5416712 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.733708 = boost
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.53008515 = fieldWeight in 5108, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5108)
    0.24 = coord(6/25)
  5. Shibata, N.; Kajikawa, Y.; Takeda, Y.; Matsushima, K.: Comparative study on methods of detecting research fronts using different types of citation (2009) 0.17 
    0.16927136 = sum of:
  0.16927136 = product of:
    0.70529735 = sum of:
      0.03240383 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03240383 = score(doc=2743,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.067780994 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0730431 = boost
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.4780666 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            4.41619 = idf(docFreq=1451, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
      0.027897488 = weight(abstract_txt:were in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.027897488 = score(doc=2743,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.07021839 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3376247 = boost
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.39729604 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            3.6700637 = idf(docFreq=3061, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
      0.049356744 = weight(abstract_txt:constructed in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.049356744 = score(doc=2743,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12941416 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.4827027 = boost
            6.1021757 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.38138598 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.1021757 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
      0.032195292 = weight(abstract_txt:each in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.032195292 = score(doc=2743,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.08843675 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.501154 = boost
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.36404878 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            4.118742 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
      0.066117 = weight(abstract_txt:citations in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.066117 = score(doc=2743,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.19813882 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.5945556 = boost
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.33369032 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.339045 = idf(docFreq=576, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
      0.497327 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 2743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.497327 = score(doc=2743,freq=9.0), product of:
          0.5416712 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.733708 = boost
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.014303522 = queryNorm
          0.91813445 = fieldWeight in 2743, product of:
            3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
              9.0 = termFreq=9.0
            4.896717 = idf(docFreq=897, maxDocs=44218)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2743)
    0.24 = coord(6/25)