Document (#43648)

Author

Zhou, H.
Guns, R.
Engels, T.C.E.

Title

Are social sciences becoming more interdisciplinary? : evidence from publications 1960-2014

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.9, S.1201-1221

Year

2022

Abstract

Interdisciplinary research is widely recognized as necessary to tackle some of the grand challenges facing humanity. It is generally believed that interdisciplinarity is becoming increasingly prevalent among Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields. However, little is known about the evolution of interdisciplinarity in the Social Sciences. Also, how interdisciplinarity and its various aspects evolve over time has seldom been closely quantified and delineated. This paper answers these questions by capturing the disciplinary diversity of the knowledge base of scientific publications in nine broad Social Sciences fields over 55 years. The analysis considers diversity as a whole and its three distinct aspects, namely variety, balance, and disparity. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions are also conducted to investigate whether such change, if any, can be found among research with similar characteristics. We find that learning widely and digging deeply have become one of the norms among researchers in Social Sciences. Fields acting as knowledge exporters or independent domains maintain a relatively stable homogeneity in their knowledge base while the knowledge base of importer disciplines evolves towards greater heterogeneity. However, the increase of interdisciplinarity is substantially smaller when controlling for several author and publication related variables.

Content

https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24627.

Theme

Informetrie

Field

Sozialwissenschaften

Similar documents (author)

1. Zhou, H.; Guns, R.; Engels, T.C.E.: Towards indicating interdisciplinarity : characterizing interdisciplinary knowledge flow (2023) 6.62

   6.6212034 = sum of:
     6.6212034 = sum of:
       1.1133428 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2074) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1133428 = score(doc=2074,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.3821172 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.769642 = idf(docFreq=50, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           2.9136157 = fieldWeight in 2074, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.769642 = idf(docFreq=50, maxDocs=44421)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2074)
       1.7266335 = weight(author_txt:guns in 2074) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.7266335 = score(doc=2074,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.51196957 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1575074 = boost
             8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           3.3725317 = fieldWeight in 2074, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2074)
       1.810373 = weight(author_txt:engels in 2074) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.810373 = score(doc=2074,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5283918 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1759253 = boost
             9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           3.4261944 = fieldWeight in 2074, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2074)
       1.9708544 = weight(author_txt:t.c.e in 2074) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.9708544 = score(doc=2074,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5591741 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2096932 = boost
             9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           3.524581 = fieldWeight in 2074, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2074)
   

2. Zhou, H.; Sun, B.; Guns, R.; Engels, T.C.E.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, L.: How do life sciences cite social sciences? : Characterizing the volume and trajectory of citations (2024) 4.41

   4.4141355 = sum of:
     4.4141355 = sum of:
       0.74222845 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.74222845 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.3821172 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.769642 = idf(docFreq=50, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           1.9424105 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.769642 = idf(docFreq=50, maxDocs=44421)
             0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
       1.1510891 = weight(author_txt:guns in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1510891 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.51196957 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1575074 = boost
             8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           2.2483544 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
             0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
       1.2069153 = weight(author_txt:engels in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.2069153 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5283918 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.1759253 = boost
             9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           2.2841296 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
             0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
       1.313903 = weight(author_txt:t.c.e in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.313903 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5591741 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2096932 = boost
             9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
             0.049180802 = queryNorm
           2.3497207 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
             0.25 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
   

3. Vandewalle, E.; Guns, R.; Engels, T.C.E.: Local impact of books : a comparison of libcitations from research-oriented and public libraries (2024) 4.13

   4.1308956 = sum of:
     4.1308956 = product of:
       5.5078607 = sum of:
         1.7266335 = weight(author_txt:guns in 2341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.7266335 = score(doc=2341,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.51196957 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1575074 = boost
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             3.3725317 = fieldWeight in 2341, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2341)
         1.810373 = weight(author_txt:engels in 2341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.810373 = score(doc=2341,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5283918 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1759253 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             3.4261944 = fieldWeight in 2341, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2341)
         1.9708544 = weight(author_txt:t.c.e in 2341) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.9708544 = score(doc=2341,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5591741 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2096932 = boost
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             3.524581 = fieldWeight in 2341, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2341)
       0.75 = coord(3/4)
   

4. Verleysen, F.T.; Engels, T.C.E.: ¬A label for peer-reviewed books (2013) 2.52

   2.5208182 = sum of:
     2.5208182 = product of:
       5.0416365 = sum of:
         2.4138305 = weight(author_txt:engels in 1404) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.4138305 = score(doc=1404,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5283918 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1759253 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             4.5682592 = fieldWeight in 1404, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1404)
         2.627806 = weight(author_txt:t.c.e in 1404) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.627806 = score(doc=1404,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5591741 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2096932 = boost
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             4.6994414 = fieldWeight in 1404, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1404)
       0.5 = coord(2/4)
   

5. Kulczycki, E.; Huang, Y.; Zuccala, A.A.; Engels, T.C.E.; Ferrara, A.; Guns, R.; Pölönen, J.; Sivertsen, G.; Taskin, Z.; Zhang, L.: Uses of the Journal Impact Factor in national journal rankings in China and Europe (2022) 2.41

   2.4096894 = sum of:
     2.4096894 = product of:
       3.2129192 = sum of:
         1.007203 = weight(author_txt:guns in 1770) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.007203 = score(doc=1770,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.51196957 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1575074 = boost
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             1.9673102 = fieldWeight in 1770, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=1770)
         1.0560509 = weight(author_txt:engels in 1770) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.0560509 = score(doc=1770,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5283918 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1759253 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             1.9986134 = fieldWeight in 1770, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=1770)
         1.1496652 = weight(author_txt:t.c.e in 1770) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.1496652 = score(doc=1770,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5591741 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2096932 = boost
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.049180802 = queryNorm
             2.0560057 = fieldWeight in 1770, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=1770)
       0.75 = coord(3/4)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Zhang, L.; Rousseau, R.; Glänzel, W.: Diversity of references as an indicator of the interdisciplinarity of journals : taking similarity between subject fields into account (2016) 0.34

   0.34274405 = sum of:
     0.34274405 = product of:
       1.0710752 = sum of:
         0.10176232 = weight(abstract_txt:disparity in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10176232 = score(doc=3902,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18478939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0961931 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5506935 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.06631535 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinary in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06631535 = score(doc=3902,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17500015 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5086299 = boost
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.37894455 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.15622056 = weight(abstract_txt:diversity in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15622056 = score(doc=3902,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.19517963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5932385 = boost
               6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.80039376 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.026541019 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026541019 = score(doc=3902,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11974317 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7648342 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.22164954 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.09797181 = weight(abstract_txt:fields in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09797181 = score(doc=3902,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.18017165 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.874789 = boost
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5437693 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.044185754 = weight(abstract_txt:social in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044185754 = score(doc=3902,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16820046 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.091665 = boost
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.26269698 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.08538617 = weight(abstract_txt:sciences in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08538617 = score(doc=3902,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26095405 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6053169 = boost
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.32720768 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
         0.49269217 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinarity in 3902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.49269217 = score(doc=3902,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.5288544 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.7089126 = boost
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.93162155 = fieldWeight in 3902, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3902)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Hellsten, I.; Leydesdorff, L.: ¬The construction of interdisciplinarity : the development of the knowledge base and programmatic focus of the journal Climatic Change, 1977-2013 (2016) 0.29

   0.29134247 = sum of:
     0.29134247 = product of:
       0.9104452 = sum of:
         0.043312512 = weight(abstract_txt:publications in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043312512 = score(doc=4089,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13173604 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3089283 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.32878256 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.06631535 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinary in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06631535 = score(doc=4089,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17500015 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5086299 = boost
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.37894455 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.053082038 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053082038 = score(doc=4089,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11974317 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7648342 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.44329908 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.05656405 = weight(abstract_txt:fields in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05656405 = score(doc=4089,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18017165 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.874789 = boost
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.31394535 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.062488094 = weight(abstract_txt:social in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062488094 = score(doc=4089,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16820046 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.091665 = boost
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.37150964 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.15954284 = weight(abstract_txt:base in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15954284 = score(doc=4089,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.22658144 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.102429 = boost
               5.633042 = idf(docFreq=431, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.70413023 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.633042 = idf(docFreq=431, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.12075428 = weight(abstract_txt:sciences in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12075428 = score(doc=4089,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.26095405 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6053169 = boost
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.46274152 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
         0.348386 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinarity in 4089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.348386 = score(doc=4089,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.5288544 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.7089126 = boost
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.6587559 = fieldWeight in 4089, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4089)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. Steele, T.W.; Stier, J.C.: ¬The impact of interdisciplinary research in the environmental sciences : a forestry case study (2000) 0.26

   0.25634593 = sum of:
     0.25634593 = product of:
       1.0681081 = sum of:
         0.1272029 = weight(abstract_txt:quantified in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1272029 = score(doc=5592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18478939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0961931 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.6883669 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
         0.13526376 = weight(abstract_txt:squares in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13526376 = score(doc=5592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19251592 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1188757 = boost
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.70261073 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.993418 = idf(docFreq=14, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
         0.16578837 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinary in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16578837 = score(doc=5592,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.17500015 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5086299 = boost
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.94736135 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
         0.09763785 = weight(abstract_txt:diversity in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09763785 = score(doc=5592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19517963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5932385 = boost
               6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5002461 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.40315 = idf(docFreq=199, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
         0.10673271 = weight(abstract_txt:sciences in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10673271 = score(doc=5592,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26095405 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6053169 = boost
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.4090096 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
         0.43548244 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinarity in 5592) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.43548244 = score(doc=5592,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.5288544 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.7089126 = boost
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.82344484 = fieldWeight in 5592, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5592)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Zhou, H.; Sun, B.; Guns, R.; Engels, T.C.E.; Huang, Y.; Zhang, L.: How do life sciences cite social sciences? : Characterizing the volume and trajectory of citations (2024) 0.25

   0.2543457 = sum of:
     0.2543457 = product of:
       0.9083774 = sum of:
         0.022101618 = weight(abstract_txt:however in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022101618 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08412242 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0459704 = boost
               4.203706 = idf(docFreq=1803, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.2627316 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.203706 = idf(docFreq=1803, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.07501947 = weight(abstract_txt:publications in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07501947 = score(doc=2376,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.13173604 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3089283 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5694681 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.04116799 = weight(abstract_txt:among in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04116799 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14578043 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6863929 = boost
               4.518356 = idf(docFreq=1316, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.28239724 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.518356 = idf(docFreq=1316, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.05656405 = weight(abstract_txt:fields in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05656405 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18017165 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.874789 = boost
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.31394535 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0231256 = idf(docFreq=794, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.159314 = weight(abstract_txt:social in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.159314 = score(doc=2376,freq=13.0), product of:
             0.16820046 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.091665 = boost
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.94716746 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
                 13.0 = termFreq=13.0
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.30786422 = weight(abstract_txt:sciences in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.30786422 = score(doc=2376,freq=13.0), product of:
             0.26095405 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6053169 = boost
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             1.179764 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
                 13.0 = termFreq=13.0
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
         0.24634609 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinarity in 2376) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.24634609 = score(doc=2376,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.5288544 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.7089126 = boost
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.46581078 = fieldWeight in 2376, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2376)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. Levitt, J.M.; Thelwall, M.; Oppenheim, C.: Variations between subjects in the extent to which the social sciences have become more interdisciplinary (2011) 0.21

   0.21181484 = sum of:
     0.21181484 = product of:
       1.0590742 = sum of:
         0.07725487 = weight(abstract_txt:deeply in 465) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07725487 = score(doc=465,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15378109 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.037906 = idf(docFreq=38, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5023691 = fieldWeight in 465, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.037906 = idf(docFreq=38, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=465)
         0.09378407 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinary in 465) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09378407 = score(doc=465,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17500015 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5086299 = boost
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.5359085 = fieldWeight in 465, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.0631127 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=465)
         0.08837151 = weight(abstract_txt:social in 465) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08837151 = score(doc=465,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.16820046 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.091665 = boost
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.52539396 = fieldWeight in 465, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.2031517 = idf(docFreq=1804, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=465)
         0.14789319 = weight(abstract_txt:sciences in 465) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14789319 = score(doc=465,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.26095405 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6053169 = boost
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             0.56674033 = fieldWeight in 465, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.235323 = idf(docFreq=642, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=465)
         0.65177053 = weight(abstract_txt:interdisciplinarity in 465) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.65177053 = score(doc=465,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.5288544 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.7089126 = boost
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.019131985 = queryNorm
             1.2324195 = fieldWeight in 465, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               7.4529724 = idf(docFreq=69, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=465)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)