Document (#42741)

Author
Jaeger, L.
Title
¬Die gefährlichen Ideologen von Silicon Valley : Technologische Allmachtsphantasien
Source
Open Password. 2019, Nr.544 vom 10. April 2019 [https://www.password-online.de/?wysija-page=1&controller=email&action=view&email_id=679&wysijap=subscriptions&user_id=1045]
Year
2019
Abstract
In den 1970er-Jahren gelang den Biologen ein bedeutender Durchbruch: Die Entdeckung so genannter Restriktionsenzyme versetzte sie in die Lage, "Gen-Transplantationen" durchzuführen. Es war die Geburtsstunde der Gentechnik. Künstliche Gene produzierten bestimmte Proteine, mit denen sich menschliche Krankheiten behandeln ließen. Mit dieser Form des "genetischen Engineering" erregten die Biowissenschaften mit einem Schlag die Phantasie und das Interesse der Unternehmer. Ein Pionier dieser Entwicklung war der Molekularbiologie Herbert Boyer. Dieser traf sich 1976 mit dem Manager und Finanzinvestor Robert Swanson, um ihm seine Ergebnisse zu erläutern. Gemeinsam gründeten sie ein Unternehmen, das die Forschungsergebnisse Boyers in konkrete medizinische Produkte umsetzen sollte. Südlich von San Francisco, dort, wo zeitgleich zahlreiche neue Computerfirmen entstanden, entstand das Unternehmen "Genentech". 1982 brachte Genentech mit Insulin das erste gentechnisch hergestellte Medikament auf den Markt. Swanson und Boyer verkauften ihr Unternehmen 1990 für 2,1 Milliarden US-Dollar an das Schweizer Pharmaunternehmen Hoffmann-La Roche. Damit war Boyer zum ersten Wissenschaftsmilliardär der Geschichte aufgestiegen.
Field
Molekularbiologie
Informationstechnik

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