Document (#41554)

Author

Monireh, E.
Sarker, M.K.
Bianchi, F.
Hitzler, P.
Doran, D.
Xie, N.

Title

Reasoning over RDF knowledge bases using deep learning

Issue

Preprint.

Source

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328899484_Reasoning_over_RDF_Knowledge_Bases_using_Deep_Learning

Year

2018

Abstract

Semantic Web knowledge representation standards, and in particular RDF and OWL, often come endowed with a formal semantics which is considered to be of fundamental importance for the field. Reasoning, i.e., the drawing of logical inferences from knowledge expressed in such standards, is traditionally based on logical deductive methods and algorithms which can be proven to be sound and complete and terminating, i.e. correct in a very strong sense. For various reasons, though, in particular the scalability issues arising from the ever increasing amounts of Semantic Web data available and the inability of deductive algorithms to deal with noise in the data, it has been argued that alternative means of reasoning should be investigated which bear high promise for high scalability and better robustness. From this perspective, deductive algorithms can be considered the gold standard regarding correctness against which alternative methods need to be tested. In this paper, we show that it is possible to train a Deep Learning system on RDF knowledge graphs, such that it is able to perform reasoning over new RDF knowledge graphs, with high precision and recall compared to the deductive gold standard.

Content

Vgl.: arXiv:1811.04132v1 [cs.LG] 9 Nov 2018.

Theme

Wissensrepräsentation
Semantic Web

Object

RDF

Similar documents (author)

1. Doran, K.: Unified disparity : theory and practice of union listing (1996) 2.22

   2.2238111 = sum of:
     2.2238111 = product of:
       4.4476223 = sum of:
         4.4476223 = weight(author_txt:doran in 4794) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.4476223 = score(doc=4794,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7181035 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0158013 = boost
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.071337424 = queryNorm
             6.1935673 = fieldWeight in 4794, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4794)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

2. Doran, C.; Martin, C.: Measuring success in outsourced cataloging : a data-driven investigation (2017) 1.78

   1.779049 = sum of:
     1.779049 = product of:
       3.558098 = sum of:
         3.558098 = weight(author_txt:doran in 150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.558098 = score(doc=150,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7181035 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0158013 = boost
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.071337424 = queryNorm
             4.954854 = fieldWeight in 150, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=150)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

3. Hitzler, P.; Janowicz, K.: Ontologies in a data driven world : finding the middle ground (2013) 1.70

   1.6973116 = sum of:
     1.6973116 = product of:
       3.3946233 = sum of:
         3.3946233 = weight(author_txt:hitzler in 1803) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.3946233 = score(doc=1803,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6959363 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.071337424 = queryNorm
             4.8777785 = fieldWeight in 1803, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1803)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

4. Shimizu, C.; Hitzler, P.: Accelerating knowledge graph and ontology engineering with Large Language Models (2024) 1.70

   1.6973116 = sum of:
     1.6973116 = product of:
       3.3946233 = sum of:
         3.3946233 = weight(author_txt:hitzler in 2382) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.3946233 = score(doc=2382,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6959363 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.071337424 = queryNorm
             4.8777785 = fieldWeight in 2382, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.755557 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=44421)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2382)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

5. Derek Doran, D.; Gokhale, S.S.: ¬A classification framework for web robots (2012) 1.56

   1.5566679 = sum of:
     1.5566679 = product of:
       3.1133358 = sum of:
         3.1133358 = weight(author_txt:doran in 1505) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.1133358 = score(doc=1505,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7181035 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0158013 = boost
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.071337424 = queryNorm
             4.3354974 = fieldWeight in 1505, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
               0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=1505)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Luo, L.; Ju, J.; Li, Y.-F.; Haffari, G.; Xiong, B.; Pan, S.: ChatRule: mining logical rules with large language models for knowledge graph reasoning (2023) 0.35

   0.35452542 = sum of:
     0.35452542 = product of:
       0.8863135 = sum of:
         0.012182919 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012182919 = score(doc=2173,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.049950734 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0331488 = boost
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.2438987 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.019444425 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019444425 = score(doc=2173,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07508455 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0342407 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.25896704 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.036156863 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036156863 = score(doc=2173,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07872403 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0590098 = boost
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.45928627 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.0244875 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0244875 = score(doc=2173,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08756223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1168754 = boost
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.27965823 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.019125864 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019125864 = score(doc=2173,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07426222 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4546057 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.25754502 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.16938181 = weight(abstract_txt:logical in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16938181 = score(doc=2173,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.16617501 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5386122 = boost
               6.1641335 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             1.0192977 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               6.1641335 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.13698442 = weight(abstract_txt:graphs in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13698442 = score(doc=2173,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21900702 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7663442 = boost
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.62547964 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.18412422 = weight(abstract_txt:scalability in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18412422 = score(doc=2173,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.26673776 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9493444 = boost
               7.809647 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.6902818 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.809647 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.04310396 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04310396 = score(doc=2173,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13751033 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2130132 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.31345978 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
         0.24132158 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 2173) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.24132158 = score(doc=2173,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.35160434 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1651073 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.68634415 = fieldWeight in 2173, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2173)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

2. Bar-Hillel, Y.; Carnap, R.: ¬An outline of a theory of semantic information (1952) 0.16

   0.16056898 = sum of:
     0.16056898 = product of:
       0.66903746 = sum of:
         0.020875176 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020875176 = score(doc=4369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07872403 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0590098 = boost
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.26516905 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
         0.05475571 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05475571 = score(doc=4369,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.08756223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1168754 = boost
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.6253348 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
         0.023424305 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023424305 = score(doc=4369,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07426222 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4546057 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.31542695 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
         0.064020306 = weight(abstract_txt:logical in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.064020306 = score(doc=4369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16617501 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5386122 = boost
               6.1641335 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.38525835 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1641335 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
         0.19703823 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19703823 = score(doc=4369,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.35160434 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1651073 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.5603976 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
         0.30892372 = weight(abstract_txt:deductive in 4369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.30892372 = score(doc=4369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.597858 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.127246 = boost
               8.267481 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.51671755 = fieldWeight in 4369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.267481 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4369)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

3. Mao, M.: Ontology mapping : towards semantic interoperability in distributed and heterogeneous environments (2008) 0.15

   0.15023391 = sum of:
     0.15023391 = product of:
       0.469481 = sum of:
         0.017013872 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017013872 = score(doc=659,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07508455 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0342407 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.22659616 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.018265778 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018265778 = score(doc=659,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07872403 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0590098 = boost
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.23202293 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.242705 = idf(docFreq=1734, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.042853124 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042853124 = score(doc=659,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.08756223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1168754 = boost
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.4894019 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.051008597 = weight(abstract_txt:learning in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051008597 = score(doc=659,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.09834617 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1836548 = boost
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.5186638 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.01673513 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01673513 = score(doc=659,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07426222 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4546057 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.2253519 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.084754795 = weight(abstract_txt:graphs in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084754795 = score(doc=659,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21900702 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7663442 = boost
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.3869958 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.06644122 = weight(abstract_txt:algorithms in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06644122 = score(doc=659,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21314281 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1341617 = boost
               5.7000527 = idf(docFreq=403, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.31172162 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7000527 = idf(docFreq=403, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
         0.17240846 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 659) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17240846 = score(doc=659,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.35160434 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1651073 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.49034792 = fieldWeight in 659, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=659)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Rousset, M.-C.; Atencia, M.; David, J.; Jouanot, F.; Ulliana, F.; Palombi, O.: Datalog revisited for reasoning in linked data (2017) 0.14

   0.14177488 = sum of:
     0.14177488 = product of:
       0.5907287 = sum of:
         0.008614625 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008614625 = score(doc=4936,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.049950734 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0331488 = boost
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.17246243 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
         0.02329991 = weight(abstract_txt:particular in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02329991 = score(doc=4936,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0847078 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0985202 = boost
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.27506217 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
         0.034630552 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034630552 = score(doc=4936,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08756223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1168754 = boost
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.39549646 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
         0.07593283 = weight(abstract_txt:algorithms in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07593283 = score(doc=4936,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21314281 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1341617 = boost
               5.7000527 = idf(docFreq=403, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.3562533 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7000527 = idf(docFreq=403, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
         0.13932708 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13932708 = score(doc=4936,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.35160434 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1651073 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.39626098 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
         0.30892372 = weight(abstract_txt:deductive in 4936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.30892372 = score(doc=4936,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.597858 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.127246 = boost
               8.267481 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.51671755 = fieldWeight in 4936, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.267481 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4936)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Eklund. P.W.: Logic-based networks : concept graphs and conceptual structures (2000) 0.13

   0.13177156 = sum of:
     0.13177156 = product of:
       0.4706127 = sum of:
         0.015228649 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015228649 = score(doc=6084,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.049950734 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0331488 = boost
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.30487338 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.759399 = idf(docFreq=7646, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.030609373 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030609373 = score(doc=6084,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08756223 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1168754 = boost
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.34957278 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4745317 = idf(docFreq=1375, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.036434714 = weight(abstract_txt:learning in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036434714 = score(doc=6084,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09834617 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1836548 = boost
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.37047416 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.7420692 = idf(docFreq=1052, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.016905036 = weight(abstract_txt:which in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016905036 = score(doc=6084,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07426222 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4546057 = boost
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.2276398 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.9137893 = idf(docFreq=6552, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.121078275 = weight(abstract_txt:graphs in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.121078275 = score(doc=6084,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21900702 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7663442 = boost
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.55285114 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.0764947 = idf(docFreq=101, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.07619776 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07619776 = score(doc=6084,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.13751033 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2130132 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.5541239 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
         0.17415886 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 6084) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17415886 = score(doc=6084,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.35160434 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1651073 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017521227 = queryNorm
             0.49532622 = fieldWeight in 6084, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6084)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)