Document (#40683)

Author

Gill, A.J.
Hinrichs-Krapels, S.
Blanke, T.
Grant, J.
Hedges, M.
Tanner, S.

Title

Insight workflow : systematically combining human and computational methods to explore textual data

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 68(2017) no.7, S.1671-1686

Year

2017

Abstract

Analyzing large quantities of real-world textual data has the potential to provide new insights for researchers. However, such data present challenges for both human and computational methods, requiring a diverse range of specialist skills, often shared across a number of individuals. In this paper we use the analysis of a real-world data set as our case study, and use this exploration as a demonstration of our "insight workflow," which we present for use and adaptation by other researchers. The data we use are impact case study documents collected as part of the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF), consisting of 6,679 documents and 6.25 million words; the analysis was commissioned by the Higher Education Funding Council for England (published as report HEFCE 2015). In our exploration and analysis we used a variety of techniques, ranging from keyword in context and frequency information to more sophisticated methods (topic modeling), with these automated techniques providing an empirical point of entry for in-depth and intensive human analysis. We present the 60 topics to demonstrate the output of our methods, and illustrate how the variety of analysis techniques can be combined to provide insights. We note potential limitations and propose future work.

Content

Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23767/full.

Theme

Computerlinguistik
Data Mining

Similar documents (author)

1. Grant, S.: Developing cognitive architecture for modelling and simulation of cognition and error in complex tasks (1995) 1.12

   1.1196548 = sum of:
     1.1196548 = product of:
       3.3589642 = sum of:
         3.3589642 = weight(author_txt:grant in 3356) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.3589642 = score(doc=3356,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.57180655 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0102445 = boost
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.060220785 = queryNorm
             5.874302 = fieldWeight in 3356, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.398883 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3356)
       0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
   

2. Gill, S.L.: File management and information retrieval systems : a manual for managers and technicians (1993) 1.09

   1.0859373 = sum of:
     1.0859373 = product of:
       3.2578115 = sum of:
         3.2578115 = weight(author_txt:gill in 6015) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.2578115 = score(doc=6015,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56026846 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.060220785 = queryNorm
             5.814733 = fieldWeight in 6015, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6015)
       0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
   

3. Gill, K.S.: Knowledge and the post-industrial society (1996) 1.09

   1.0859373 = sum of:
     1.0859373 = product of:
       3.2578115 = sum of:
         3.2578115 = weight(author_txt:gill in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.2578115 = score(doc=5474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56026846 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.060220785 = queryNorm
             5.814733 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
       0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
   

4. Gill, K.S.: ¬The human-centred movement : the British context (1996) 1.09

   1.0859373 = sum of:
     1.0859373 = product of:
       3.2578115 = sum of:
         3.2578115 = weight(author_txt:gill in 2700) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.2578115 = score(doc=2700,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56026846 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.060220785 = queryNorm
             5.814733 = fieldWeight in 2700, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2700)
       0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
   

5. Gill, M.: Knowledge organization in the museum domain : introduction (2017) 1.09

   1.0859373 = sum of:
     1.0859373 = product of:
       3.2578115 = sum of:
         3.2578115 = weight(author_txt:gill in 137) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           3.2578115 = score(doc=137,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.56026846 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.060220785 = queryNorm
             5.814733 = fieldWeight in 137, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=137)
       0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Emmons, S.R.; Light, R.P.; Börner, K.: MOOC visual analytics : empowering students, teachers, researchers, and platform developers of massively open online courses (2017) 0.24

   0.24492472 = sum of:
     0.24492472 = product of:
       0.6803464 = sum of:
         0.025873603 = weight(abstract_txt:provide in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025873603 = score(doc=4827,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10313527 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0621202 = boost
               4.013929 = idf(docFreq=2180, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.25087056 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.013929 = idf(docFreq=2180, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.062249452 = weight(abstract_txt:researchers in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.062249452 = score(doc=4827,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14697708 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2679288 = boost
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.42353168 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.05456895 = weight(abstract_txt:variety in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05456895 = score(doc=4827,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1696158 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3620819 = boost
               5.1475344 = idf(docFreq=701, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3217209 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1475344 = idf(docFreq=701, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.084909506 = weight(abstract_txt:insights in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084909506 = score(doc=4827,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22775792 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5783627 = boost
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.37280595 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.10552911 = weight(abstract_txt:insight in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10552911 = score(doc=4827,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26327974 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6969881 = boost
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.40082502 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.06965804 = weight(abstract_txt:present in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06965804 = score(doc=4827,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18134427 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7249147 = boost
               4.3458266 = idf(docFreq=1564, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.38412043 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.3458266 = idf(docFreq=1564, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.12641633 = weight(abstract_txt:workflow in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12641633 = score(doc=4827,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.29696462 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8022807 = boost
               6.8111186 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.4256949 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.8111186 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.082602605 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.082602605 = score(doc=4827,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.17748232 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2030158 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.46541315 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
         0.06853884 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 4827) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06853884 = score(doc=4827,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21269818 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4116926 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3222352 = fieldWeight in 4827, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4827)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

2. Baumer, E.P.S.; Mimno, D.; Guha, S.; Quan, E.; Gay, G.K.: Comparing grounded theory and topic modeling : extreme divergence or unlikely convergence? (2017) 0.21

   0.20824698 = sum of:
     0.20824698 = product of:
       0.7437392 = sum of:
         0.055021264 = weight(abstract_txt:researchers in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.055021264 = score(doc=4639,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14697708 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2679288 = boost
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.37435266 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.05512463 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05512463 = score(doc=4639,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14716111 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2687224 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.37458694 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.15010022 = weight(abstract_txt:textual in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15010022 = score(doc=4639,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22775792 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5783627 = boost
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.659034 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.18383446 = weight(abstract_txt:insights in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18383446 = score(doc=4639,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.22775792 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5783627 = boost
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.8071485 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.1590986 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1590986 = score(doc=4639,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.21979955 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1927972 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.72383493 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.079979636 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.079979636 = score(doc=4639,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.17748232 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2030158 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.45063436 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
         0.06058035 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 4639) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06058035 = score(doc=4639,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21269818 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4116926 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.28481838 = fieldWeight in 4639, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=4639)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Benjamin, V.; Chen, H.; Zimbra, D.: Bridging the virtual and real : the relationship between web content, linkage, and geographical proximity of social movements (2014) 0.21

   0.2060097 = sum of:
     0.2060097 = product of:
       0.64378035 = sum of:
         0.025873603 = weight(abstract_txt:provide in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025873603 = score(doc=2527,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10313527 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0621202 = boost
               4.013929 = idf(docFreq=2180, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.25087056 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.013929 = idf(docFreq=2180, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.09817884 = weight(abstract_txt:world in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09817884 = score(doc=2527,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.12545401 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1714191 = boost
               4.426988 = idf(docFreq=1442, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.7825883 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.426988 = idf(docFreq=1442, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.04401701 = weight(abstract_txt:researchers in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04401701 = score(doc=2527,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14697708 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2679288 = boost
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.29948214 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.16890226 = weight(abstract_txt:real in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16890226 = score(doc=2527,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.18012041 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4036264 = boost
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.93771863 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.10552911 = weight(abstract_txt:insight in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10552911 = score(doc=2527,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26327974 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6969881 = boost
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.40082502 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.08049822 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08049822 = score(doc=2527,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21979955 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1927972 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3662347 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.052242476 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052242476 = score(doc=2527,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17748232 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2030158 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.29435313 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
         0.06853884 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 2527) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06853884 = score(doc=2527,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21269818 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4116926 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3222352 = fieldWeight in 2527, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2527)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Harrow, J.; Wickersham, L.; Rotherham, S.; Ella Farnsworth, E.; McElhenny, G.: Contextual depth projection in Large Language Models through semantic lattice frameworks (2024) 0.18

   0.18432958 = sum of:
     0.18432958 = product of:
       0.57602996 = sum of:
         0.03471146 = weight(abstract_txt:world in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03471146 = score(doc=2403,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12545401 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1714191 = boost
               4.426988 = idf(docFreq=1442, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.27668676 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.426988 = idf(docFreq=1442, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.039317574 = weight(abstract_txt:potential in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.039317574 = score(doc=2403,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13632026 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2210972 = boost
               4.61473 = idf(docFreq=1195, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.28842062 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.61473 = idf(docFreq=1195, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.044099707 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044099707 = score(doc=2403,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14716111 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2687224 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.29966956 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.059715968 = weight(abstract_txt:real in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.059715968 = score(doc=2403,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18012041 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4036264 = boost
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3315336 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.12008017 = weight(abstract_txt:textual in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12008017 = score(doc=2403,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22775792 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5783627 = boost
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.5272272 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.9648952 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.17739831 = weight(abstract_txt:computational in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17739831 = score(doc=2403,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.25808445 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6801614 = boost
               6.3496094 = idf(docFreq=210, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.68736535 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.3496094 = idf(docFreq=210, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.052242476 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052242476 = score(doc=2403,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17748232 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2030158 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.29435313 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
         0.04846428 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 2403) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04846428 = score(doc=2403,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21269818 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4116926 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.2278547 = fieldWeight in 2403, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2403)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

5. Dattolo, A.; Corbatto, M.: Assisting researchers in bibliographic tasks : a new usable, real-time tool for analyzing bibliographies (2022) 0.18

   0.18294138 = sum of:
     0.18294138 = product of:
       0.5716918 = sum of:
         0.077811815 = weight(abstract_txt:researchers in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.077811815 = score(doc=1560,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14697708 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2679288 = boost
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.5294146 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.791714 = idf(docFreq=1001, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.05512463 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05512463 = score(doc=1560,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14716111 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2687224 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.37458694 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.06821118 = weight(abstract_txt:variety in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06821118 = score(doc=1560,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1696158 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3620819 = boost
               5.1475344 = idf(docFreq=701, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.4021511 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1475344 = idf(docFreq=701, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.10556391 = weight(abstract_txt:real in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10556391 = score(doc=1560,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18012041 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4036264 = boost
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.5860741 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.304538 = idf(docFreq=599, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.08707255 = weight(abstract_txt:present in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08707255 = score(doc=1560,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18134427 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7249147 = boost
               4.3458266 = idf(docFreq=1564, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.48015055 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.3458266 = idf(docFreq=1564, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.07115105 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07115105 = score(doc=1560,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21979955 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1927972 = boost
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.3237088 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1434727 = idf(docFreq=1915, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.04617626 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04617626 = score(doc=1560,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17748232 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2030158 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.26017386 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
         0.06058035 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 1560) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06058035 = score(doc=1560,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21269818 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4116926 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.024191558 = queryNorm
             0.28481838 = fieldWeight in 1560, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1560)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)