Document (#404)

Author

Swanson, D.R.

Title

Searching natural language by computer

Source

Science. 132(1960), S.1099-1104

Year

1960

Footnote

Ein Klassiker der Beiträge zum Information Retrieval

Similar documents (author)

1. Swanson, D.R.: Requirements study for future catalogs (1972) 5.18

   5.184806 = sum of:
     5.184806 = weight(author_txt:swanson in 680) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.184806 = fieldWeight in 680, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=680)
   

2. Swanson, D.R.: Subjective versus objective relevance in bibliographic retrieval systems (1986) 5.18

   5.184806 = sum of:
     5.184806 = weight(author_txt:swanson in 838) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.184806 = fieldWeight in 838, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=838)
   

3. Swanson, D.R.: Information retrieval as a trial-and-error process (1977) 5.18

   5.184806 = sum of:
     5.184806 = weight(author_txt:swanson in 1291) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.184806 = fieldWeight in 1291, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1291)
   

4. Swanson, D.R.: ¬The evidence underlying the Cranfield results (1965) 5.18

   5.184806 = sum of:
     5.184806 = weight(author_txt:swanson in 2266) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.184806 = fieldWeight in 2266, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2266)
   

5. Swanson, D.R.: Some unexplained aspects of the Cranfield tests of indexing performance factors (1971) 5.18

   5.184806 = sum of:
     5.184806 = weight(author_txt:swanson in 2337) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.184806 = fieldWeight in 2337, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2337)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Knapp, S.D.: ¬The contemporary thesaurus of social science terms and synonyms : a guide for natural language searching (1993) 1.67

   1.674109 = sum of:
     1.674109 = sum of:
       0.33699095 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.33699095 = score(doc=990,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.4297579 = queryWeight, product of:
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.7841414 = fieldWeight in 990, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=990)
       0.3624169 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.3624169 = score(doc=990,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45111158 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0245427 = boost
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.80338633 = fieldWeight in 990, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=990)
       0.37089452 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.37089452 = score(doc=990,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45811936 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0324699 = boost
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.8096024 = fieldWeight in 990, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=990)
       0.60380656 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 990) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.60380656 = score(doc=990,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.633982 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2145811 = boost
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.9524033 = fieldWeight in 990, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.1875 = fieldNorm(doc=990)
   

2. Jascó, P.: Don't kiss Boolean goodbye : it's AND not OR, let alone XOR (1994) 1.27

   1.2716658 = sum of:
     1.2716658 = product of:
       1.6955545 = sum of:
         0.3931561 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 7159) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3931561 = score(doc=7159,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4297579 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             0.91483164 = fieldWeight in 7159, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=7159)
         0.5979573 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 7159) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5979573 = score(doc=7159,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.45111158 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0245427 = boost
               4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             1.3255198 = fieldWeight in 7159, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=7159)
         0.704441 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 7159) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.704441 = score(doc=7159,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.633982 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2145811 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             1.1111373 = fieldWeight in 7159, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.21875 = fieldNorm(doc=7159)
       0.75 = coord(3/4)
   

3. Jascó, P.: Searching for images on the Web : pt.2 (1997) 0.98

   0.9803262 = sum of:
     0.9803262 = product of:
       1.3071016 = sum of:
         0.2808258 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2808258 = score(doc=548,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4297579 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             0.65345114 = fieldWeight in 548, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=548)
         0.52310365 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.52310365 = score(doc=548,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.45111158 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0245427 = boost
               4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             1.1595882 = fieldWeight in 548, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=548)
         0.50317216 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.50317216 = score(doc=548,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.633982 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2145811 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.102761574 = queryNorm
             0.79366946 = fieldWeight in 548, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=548)
       0.75 = coord(3/4)
   

4. Polity, Y.: Vers une ergonomie linguistique (1994) 0.98

   0.9765636 = sum of:
     0.9765636 = sum of:
       0.19657806 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.19657806 = score(doc=36,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.4297579 = queryWeight, product of:
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.45741582 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
       0.21140985 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.21140985 = score(doc=36,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45111158 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0245427 = boost
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.46864203 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
       0.21635513 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.21635513 = score(doc=36,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45811936 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0324699 = boost
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.47226804 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
       0.3522205 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 36) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.3522205 = score(doc=36,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.633982 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2145811 = boost
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.55556864 = fieldWeight in 36, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=36)
   

5. Kreymer, O.: ¬An evaluation of help mechanisms in natural language information retrieval systems (2002) 0.92

   0.92167485 = sum of:
     0.92167485 = sum of:
       0.22466063 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 2557) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.22466063 = score(doc=2557,freq=4.0), product of:
           0.4297579 = queryWeight, product of:
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.5227609 = fieldWeight in 2557, product of:
             2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
               4.0 = termFreq=4.0
             4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
             0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2557)
       0.17084496 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 2557) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.17084496 = score(doc=2557,freq=2.0), product of:
           0.45111158 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0245427 = boost
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.37871996 = fieldWeight in 2557, product of:
             1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
               2.0 = termFreq=2.0
             4.284727 = idf(docFreq=1655, maxDocs=44218)
             0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2557)
       0.12363151 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 2557) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.12363151 = score(doc=2557,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45811936 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0324699 = boost
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.26986745 = fieldWeight in 2557, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             4.317879 = idf(docFreq=1601, maxDocs=44218)
             0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2557)
       0.4025377 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 2557) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         0.4025377 = score(doc=2557,freq=4.0), product of:
           0.633982 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2145811 = boost
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.102761574 = queryNorm
           0.63493556 = fieldWeight in 2557, product of:
             2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
               4.0 = termFreq=4.0
             5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
             0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2557)