Document (#36849)

Author

Nentwig, L.

Title

Semantische Interoperabilität : Bd.2: Semantische Konflikte

Issue

White paper

Imprint

Berlin : Fraunhofer-Institut für Software- und Systemtechnik ISST

Year

2010

Pages

14 S

Abstract

Prozessketten in der freien Wirtschaft oder Verwaltung sind zunehmend geprägt von einem intensiven Austausch von Dokumenten und Daten auch über die Grenzen der beteiligten Organisationen hinweg. Wie in Band 1 der White Paper-Reihe dargelegt, ist die Sicherstellung der semantischen Interoperabilität eine der zentralen Anforderungen für einen semantisch konsistenten und damit erfolgreichen Ablauf der Geschäftsprozesse. Grundlage für semantische Interoperabilität sind die technische und die syntaktische Interoperabilität: Die technische Interoperabilität umfasst die Möglichkeit der technischen Interaktion mit sowie des Transports von Inhalten und erfordert dafür die leitungstechnische Verbindbarkeit und Passbarkeit auf Protokollebene. Die syntaktische Interoperabilität wird durch einen homogenen Einsatz von Sprachen (wie z. B. XML) sichergestellt und gewährleistet den Austausch von Daten auf Basis von vordefinierten und exakt vereinbahrten syntaktischen Strukturen. Semantische Interoperabilität stellt die komplexeste unter den Stufen der Interoperabilität dar. Der wesentliche Grund dafür, dass die Anforderung der semantischen Interoperabilität nicht erfüllt wird, ist das Vorhandensein bzw. die fehlende Auflösung sogenannter semantischer Konflikte. Ein semantischer Konflikt wird hervorgerufen, wenn die am Datenaustausch beteiligten Sender und Empfänger unterschiedliche Datenstrukturen und Dateninhalte verwenden. Eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Konfliktarten und ihrer Behandlung zeigen die nächsten Abschnitte.

Content

Um zwischen Behörden, Wirtschaft und Bürgern durchgängige Prozessketten zu erreichen, wird heute weitgehend auf internetgestützte Kooperation gesetzt. Vielfach sind dabei Insellösungen und autarke IT-Fachanwendungen entstanden, die nicht ohne Weiteres interoperabel sind. Trotz eines syntaktisch korrekten Datenaustausches können die Nutzung unterschiedlicher Begriffe, Datenstrukturen und Schreibkonventionen zu Fehlinterpretationen führen. In der White Paper-Reihe »Semantische Interoperabilität« vermittelt das Fraunhofer ISST in verständlicher Weise Grundlagen und Lösungsansätze des »Semantic Interoperability Engineerings « (SIE). Die Reihe richtet sich an technisch interessierte Personenkreise mit und ohne fachliches Vorwissen (vom Projektleiter bis zum CIO). Vgl.: http://www.isst.fraunhofer.de/geschaeftsfelder/gfegovernment/referenzprojekte/sie/white-paper/index.jsp.

Theme

Semantische Interoperabilität

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