Document (#35694)

Author

Osinska, V.
Bala, P.

Title

New methods for visualization and improvement of classification schemes : the case of computer science

Source

Knowledge organization. 37(2010) no.3, S.157-172

Year

2010

Abstract

Generally, Computer Science (CS) classifications are inconsistent in taxonomy strategies. t is necessary to develop CS taxonomy research to combine its historical perspective, its current knowledge and its predicted future trends - including all breakthroughs in information and communication technology. In this paper we have analyzed the ACM Computing Classification System (CCS) by means of visualization maps. The important achievement of current work is an effective visualization of classified documents from the ACM Digital Library. From the technical point of view, the innovation lies in the parallel use of analysis units: (sub)classes and keywords as well as a spherical 3D information surface. We have compared both the thematic and semantic maps of classified documents and results presented in Table 1. Furthermore, the proposed new method is used for content-related evaluation of the original scheme. Summing up: we improved an original ACM classification in the Computer Science domain by means of visualization.

Footnote

Vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko3720103b.pdf.

Theme

Visualisierung

Field

Informatik

Object

ACM classification

Similar documents (content)

1. Zhu, B.; Chen, H.: Information visualization (2004) 0.21

   0.21056539 = sum of:
     0.21056539 = product of:
       0.7520192 = sum of:
         0.014466536 = weight(abstract_txt:have in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014466536 = score(doc=5276,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.06683085 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0407039 = boost
               3.199388 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.21646494 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.199388 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.04097678 = weight(abstract_txt:table in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04097678 = score(doc=5276,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1531521 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1139998 = boost
               6.849437 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.26755613 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.849437 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.03096746 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03096746 = score(doc=5276,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11100376 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3412431 = boost
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.27897668 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.03217908 = weight(abstract_txt:means in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03217908 = score(doc=5276,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16424423 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6314875 = boost
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.19592214 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.058081113 = weight(abstract_txt:classified in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.058081113 = score(doc=5276,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24348056 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9864188 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.23854516 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.053326797 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053326797 = score(doc=5276,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.1825554 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.106598 = boost
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.29211295 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
         0.5220215 = weight(abstract_txt:visualization in 5276) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5220215 = score(doc=5276,freq=18.0), product of:
             0.50600225 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0497656 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             1.0316584 = fieldWeight in 5276, product of:
               4.2426405 = tf(freq=18.0), with freq of:
                 18.0 = termFreq=18.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=5276)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

2. Osiñska, V.: Visual analysis of classification scheme (2010) 0.21

   0.20640656 = sum of:
     0.20640656 = product of:
       0.7371663 = sum of:
         0.12619305 = weight(abstract_txt:surface in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12619305 = score(doc=68,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18808955 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345424 = boost
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.67092 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.590594 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.049547937 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049547937 = score(doc=68,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11100376 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3412431 = boost
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.4463627 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.051486533 = weight(abstract_txt:means in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051486533 = score(doc=68,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16424423 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6314875 = boost
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.31347543 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.083522685 = weight(abstract_txt:maps in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.083522685 = score(doc=68,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22675872 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9169936 = boost
               5.8933253 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.36833283 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8933253 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.055074815 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.055074815 = score(doc=68,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15608105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9478674 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.35286036 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.09292978 = weight(abstract_txt:classified in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09292978 = score(doc=68,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24348056 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9864188 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.38167226 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
         0.27841145 = weight(abstract_txt:visualization in 68) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27841145 = score(doc=68,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.50600225 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0497656 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.5502178 = fieldWeight in 68, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=68)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Next generation search engines : advanced models for information retrieval (2012) 0.17

   0.17153724 = sum of:
     0.17153724 = product of:
       0.4764923 = sum of:
         0.01867622 = weight(abstract_txt:have in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01867622 = score(doc=1357,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.06683085 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0407039 = boost
               3.199388 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.27945507 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.199388 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.038195625 = weight(abstract_txt:combine in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.038195625 = score(doc=1357,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14614145 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0882041 = boost
               6.690832 = idf(docFreq=149, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.26136065 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.690832 = idf(docFreq=149, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.05936302 = weight(abstract_txt:achievement in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05936302 = score(doc=1357,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19608378 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2605048 = boost
               7.750224 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.30274314 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.750224 = idf(docFreq=51, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.03575814 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03575814 = score(doc=1357,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11100376 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3412431 = boost
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.32213452 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.102688655 = weight(abstract_txt:breakthroughs in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.102688655 = score(doc=1357,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2825613 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5131431 = boost
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.3634208 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.303573 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.030887987 = weight(abstract_txt:science in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030887987 = score(doc=1357,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1452071 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8787899 = boost
               3.850585 = idf(docFreq=2567, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.21271677 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.850585 = idf(docFreq=2567, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.02433986 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02433986 = score(doc=1357,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15608105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9478674 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.15594372 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.043541145 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043541145 = score(doc=1357,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.1825554 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.106598 = boost
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.23850921 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
         0.123041645 = weight(abstract_txt:visualization in 1357) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.123041645 = score(doc=1357,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.50600225 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0497656 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.24316423 = fieldWeight in 1357, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1357)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Scharnhorst, A.; Smiraglia, R.P.; Guéret, C.; Salah, A.A.A.: Knowledge maps for libraries and archives : uses and use cases (2015) 0.14

   0.1449111 = sum of:
     0.1449111 = product of:
       0.60379624 = sum of:
         0.06659485 = weight(abstract_txt:parallel in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06659485 = score(doc=3304,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13426499 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0430498 = boost
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.49599564 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.4132004 = idf(docFreq=197, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
         0.028308414 = weight(abstract_txt:current in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028308414 = score(doc=3304,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.120494165 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.397403 = boost
               4.295972 = idf(docFreq=1644, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.23493597 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.295972 = idf(docFreq=1644, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
         0.07308234 = weight(abstract_txt:maps in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07308234 = score(doc=3304,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22675872 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9169936 = boost
               5.8933253 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.32229123 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8933253 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
         0.048190463 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048190463 = score(doc=3304,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15608105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9478674 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.3087528 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
         0.04310354 = weight(abstract_txt:computer in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04310354 = score(doc=3304,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1825554 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.106598 = boost
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.23611209 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.317478 = idf(docFreq=1609, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
         0.3445166 = weight(abstract_txt:visualization in 3304) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3445166 = score(doc=3304,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.50600225 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0497656 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.6808598 = fieldWeight in 3304, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3304)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Linden, E.J. van der; Vliegen, R.; Wijk, J.J. van: Visual Universal Decimal Classification (2007) 0.12

   0.122012995 = sum of:
     0.122012995 = product of:
       0.610065 = sum of:
         0.05721303 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 1548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05721303 = score(doc=1548,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11100376 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3412431 = boost
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.51541525 = fieldWeight in 1548, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.123322 = idf(docFreq=1954, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1548)
         0.051486533 = weight(abstract_txt:means in 1548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051486533 = score(doc=1548,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16424423 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6314875 = boost
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.31347543 = fieldWeight in 1548, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.015607 = idf(docFreq=800, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1548)
         0.0674526 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 1548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0674526 = score(doc=1548,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15608105 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9478674 = boost
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.43216392 = fieldWeight in 1548, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.9921594 = idf(docFreq=2228, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1548)
         0.09292978 = weight(abstract_txt:classified in 1548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09292978 = score(doc=1548,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24348056 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9864188 = boost
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.38167226 = fieldWeight in 1548, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.106756 = idf(docFreq=268, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1548)
         0.340983 = weight(abstract_txt:visualization in 1548) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.340983 = score(doc=1548,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.50600225 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.0497656 = boost
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020071642 = queryNorm
             0.67387646 = fieldWeight in 1548, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.225004 = idf(docFreq=238, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1548)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)