Document (#35630)

Author

Lu, W.
MacFarlane, A.
Venuti, F.

Title

Okapi-based XML indexing

Source

Aslib proceedings. 61(2009) no.5, S.483-499

Year

2009

Abstract

Purpose - Being an important data exchange and information storage standard, XML has generated a great deal of interest and particular attention has been paid to the issue of XML indexing. Clear use cases for structured search in XML have been established. However, most of the research in the area is either based on relational database systems or specialized semi-structured data management systems. This paper aims to propose a method for XML indexing based on the information retrieval (IR) system Okapi. Design/methodology/approach - First, the paper reviews the structure of inverted files and gives an overview of the issues of why this indexing mechanism cannot properly support XML retrieval, using the underlying data structures of Okapi as an example. Then the paper explores a revised method implemented on Okapi using path indexing structures. The paper evaluates these index structures through the metrics of indexing run time, path search run time and space costs using the INEX and Reuters RVC1 collections. Findings - Initial results on the INEX collections show that there is a substantial overhead in space costs for the method, but this increase does not affect run time adversely. Indexing results on differing sized Reuters RVC1 sub-collections show that the increase in space costs with increasing the size of a collection is significant, but in terms of run time the increase is linear. Path search results show sub-millisecond run times, demonstrating minimal overhead for XML search. Practical implications - Overall, the results show the method implemented to support XML search in a traditional IR system such as Okapi is viable. Originality/value - The paper provides useful information on a method for XML indexing based on the IR system Okapi.

Object

Okapi
XML

Similar documents (author)

1. MacFarlane, A.: On open source IR (2003) 5.35

   5.353733 = sum of:
     5.353733 = weight(author_txt:macfarlane in 3010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.353733 = fieldWeight in 3010, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3010)
   

2. MacFarlane, A.: Evaluation of web search for the information practitioner (2007) 5.35

   5.353733 = sum of:
     5.353733 = weight(author_txt:macfarlane in 1817) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.353733 = fieldWeight in 1817, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1817)
   

3. MacFarlane, A.: Knowledge organisation and its role in multimedia information retrieval (2016) 5.35

   5.353733 = sum of:
     5.353733 = weight(author_txt:macfarlane in 3911) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.353733 = fieldWeight in 3911, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3911)
   

4. MacFarlane, A.; Tuson, A.: Local search : a guide for the information retrieval practitioner (2009) 4.28

   4.2829866 = sum of:
     4.2829866 = weight(author_txt:macfarlane in 3457) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.2829866 = fieldWeight in 3457, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3457)
   

5. Berget, G.; MacFarlane, A.: What Is known about the impact of impairments on information seeking and searching? (2020) 4.28

   4.2829866 = sum of:
     4.2829866 = weight(author_txt:macfarlane in 817) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.2829866 = fieldWeight in 817, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=817)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Li, L.; Shang, Y.; Zhang, W.: Improvement of HITS-based algorithms on Web documents 0.19

   0.19174111 = sum of:
     0.19174111 = product of:
       0.68478966 = sum of:
         0.016312007 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016312007 = score(doc=3514,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06039962 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857467 = boost
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.27006802 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.048026662 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048026662 = score(doc=3514,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.0682811 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4557755 = boost
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.7033669 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.022162937 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022162937 = score(doc=3514,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08155058 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5909543 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.2717692 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.02729866 = weight(abstract_txt:paper in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02729866 = score(doc=3514,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10094228 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9789541 = boost
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.2704383 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.044879634 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044879634 = score(doc=3514,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13052942 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0127895 = boost
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.34382772 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.11984741 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11984741 = score(doc=3514,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.17049487 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5719044 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.7029385 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
         0.4062623 = weight(abstract_txt:okapi in 3514) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.4062623 = score(doc=3514,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.64899844 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.4968214 = boost
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.6259835 = fieldWeight in 3514, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3514)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

2. Humphrey, S.M.; Névéol, A.; Browne, A.; Gobeil, J.; Ruch, P.; Darmoni, S.J.: Comparing a rule-based versus statistical system for automatic categorization of MEDLINE documents according to biomedical specialty (2009) 0.18

   0.17882143 = sum of:
     0.17882143 = product of:
       0.49672616 = sum of:
         0.013049605 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013049605 = score(doc=287,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06039962 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857467 = boost
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.21605442 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.027167983 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027167983 = score(doc=287,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.0682811 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4557755 = boost
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.3978844 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.025074499 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025074499 = score(doc=287,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08155058 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5909543 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.30747172 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.03274512 = weight(abstract_txt:collections in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03274512 = score(doc=287,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11153222 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6112947 = boost
               4.6974936 = idf(docFreq=1100, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.29359335 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6974936 = idf(docFreq=1100, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.13444062 = weight(abstract_txt:overhead in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13444062 = score(doc=287,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24981925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9689837 = boost
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.53815156 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.021838926 = weight(abstract_txt:paper in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021838926 = score(doc=287,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10094228 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9789541 = boost
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.21635064 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.035903707 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035903707 = score(doc=287,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13052942 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0127895 = boost
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.27506217 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.06779593 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06779593 = score(doc=287,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17049487 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5719044 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.39764208 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
         0.13870978 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 287) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13870978 = score(doc=287,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.2550803 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9792173 = boost
               4.3503094 = idf(docFreq=1557, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.5437887 = fieldWeight in 287, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.3503094 = idf(docFreq=1557, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=287)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

3. Shieh, W.-Y.; Chung, C.-P.: ¬A statistics-based approach to incrementally update inverted files (2005) 0.18

   0.17577532 = sum of:
     0.17577532 = product of:
       0.48826477 = sum of:
         0.014584076 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014584076 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.056055117 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.142306 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.26017386 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.016312007 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016312007 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06039962 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857467 = boost
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.27006802 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.01697999 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01697999 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0682811 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4557755 = boost
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.24867775 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.022162937 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022162937 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08155058 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5909543 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.2717692 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.18584876 = weight(abstract_txt:space in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18584876 = score(doc=2010,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.147024 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8499881 = boost
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             1.2640709 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.037595384 = weight(abstract_txt:time in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037595384 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11599304 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8974054 = boost
               4.1487055 = idf(docFreq=1905, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.3241176 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1487055 = idf(docFreq=1905, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.02729866 = weight(abstract_txt:paper in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02729866 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10094228 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9789541 = boost
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.2704383 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4616103 = idf(docFreq=3788, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.044879634 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044879634 = score(doc=2010,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13052942 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0127895 = boost
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.34382772 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.400995 = idf(docFreq=1480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
         0.12260329 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 2010) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12260329 = score(doc=2010,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2550803 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9792173 = boost
               4.3503094 = idf(docFreq=1557, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.48064584 = fieldWeight in 2010, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.3503094 = idf(docFreq=1557, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2010)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Lam, W.; Wong, K.-F.; Wong, C.-Y.: Chinese document indexing based on new partitioned signature file : model and evaluation (2001) 0.17

   0.17228083 = sum of:
     0.17228083 = product of:
       0.4307021 = sum of:
         0.017611817 = weight(abstract_txt:support in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017611817 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06443794 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.37303 = idf(docFreq=1522, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.2733144 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.37303 = idf(docFreq=1522, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.01212021 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01212021 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.057496674 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1569009 = boost
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.21079844 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.013049605 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013049605 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06039962 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857467 = boost
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.21605442 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.04038408 = weight(abstract_txt:implemented in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04038408 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11205012 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3186677 = boost
               5.7665734 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.36041084 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7665734 = idf(docFreq=377, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.013583992 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013583992 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.0682811 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4557755 = boost
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.1989422 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.017730348 = weight(abstract_txt:results in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017730348 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08155058 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5909543 = boost
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.21741535 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4786456 = idf(docFreq=3724, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.04955967 = weight(abstract_txt:space in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04955967 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.147024 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8499881 = boost
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.33708557 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.13444062 = weight(abstract_txt:overhead in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13444062 = score(doc=1303,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24981925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9689837 = boost
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.53815156 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.036343817 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036343817 = score(doc=1303,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11251124 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0892823 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.3230239 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
         0.09587793 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1303) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09587793 = score(doc=1303,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.17049487 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5719044 = boost
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.5623508 = fieldWeight in 1303, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.4988065 = idf(docFreq=1342, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1303)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

5. Beaulieu, M.: Experiments on interfaces to support query expansion (1997) 0.16

   0.16188094 = sum of:
     0.16188094 = product of:
       0.6745039 = sum of:
         0.025710845 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025710845 = score(doc=5704,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.057496674 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1569009 = boost
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.447171 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.372775 = idf(docFreq=4140, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
         0.019574407 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019574407 = score(doc=5704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06039962 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857467 = boost
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.32408163 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4568708 = idf(docFreq=3806, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
         0.028815996 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028815996 = score(doc=5704,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.0682811 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4557755 = boost
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.4220201 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1830752 = idf(docFreq=5005, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
         0.0743395 = weight(abstract_txt:space in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0743395 = score(doc=5704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.147024 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8499881 = boost
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.50562835 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.393369 = idf(docFreq=548, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
         0.03854844 = weight(abstract_txt:search in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03854844 = score(doc=5704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11251124 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0892823 = boost
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.34261855 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.654598 = idf(docFreq=3123, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
         0.48751476 = weight(abstract_txt:okapi in 5704) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.48751476 = score(doc=5704,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.64899844 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.4968214 = boost
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.014735307 = queryNorm
             0.7511802 = fieldWeight in 5704, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5704)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)