Document (#33092)

Author

Munk, T.B.
Moerk, K.

Title

Folksonomies, tagging communities, and tagging strategies : an empirical study

Source

Knowledge organization. 34(2007) no.3, S.115-127

Year

2007

Abstract

The subject of this article is folksonomies on the Internet. One of the largest folksonomies on the Internet in terms of number of users and tagged websites is the computer program del.icio.us, where more than 100,000 people have tagged the websites that they and others find using their own keywords. How this is done in practice and the patterns to be found are the focus of this article. The empirical basis is the collection of 76,601 different keywords with a total frequency of 178,215 from 500 randomly chosen taggers on del.icio.us at the end of 2005. The keywords collected were then analyzed quantitatively statistically by uncovering their frequency and percentage distribution and through a statistical correspondence analysis in order to uncover possible patterns in the users' tags. Subsequently, a qualitative textual analysis of the tags was made in order to find out by analysis which tagging strategies are represented in the data material. This led to four conclusions. 1) the distribution of keywords follows classic power law; 2) distinct tagging communities are identifiable; 3) the most frequently used tags are situated on a general-specific axis; and 4) nine distinct tagging strategies are observed. These four conclusions are put into perspective collectively in respect of a number of more general and theoretical considerations concerning folksonomies and the classification systems of the future.

Theme

Folksonomies
Social tagging

Similar documents (content)

1. Heckner, M.; Mühlbacher, S.; Wolff, C.: Tagging tagging : a classification model for user keywords in scientific bibliography management systems (2007) 0.46

   0.4623724 = sum of:
     0.4623724 = product of:
       1.0508463 = sum of:
         0.023231592 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023231592 = score(doc=1533,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07877512 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0269718 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.29491025 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.005198847 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.005198847 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.046092235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1109458 = boost
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.11279225 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.026259966 = weight(abstract_txt:empirical in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026259966 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10769839 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2007942 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.24382877 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.03858743 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03858743 = score(doc=1533,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.110484235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2162256 = boost
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.34925732 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.013560891 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013560891 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07935403 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2623917 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.17089102 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.03270795 = weight(abstract_txt:distribution in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03270795 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.124675736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2919775 = boost
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.26234412 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.08380695 = weight(abstract_txt:tagged in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08380695 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23345317 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7679251 = boost
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.35898826 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.14230013 = weight(abstract_txt:del.icio.us in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14230013 = score(doc=1533,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.332264 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.109141 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.4282743 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.17318286 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17318286 = score(doc=1533,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.23859592 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1889765 = boost
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.72584164 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.16155721 = weight(abstract_txt:keywords in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16155721 = score(doc=1533,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.28700358 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7721877 = boost
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.5629101 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
         0.35045257 = weight(abstract_txt:tagging in 1533) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.35045257 = score(doc=1533,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.39536518 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.637753 = boost
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.88640225 = fieldWeight in 1533, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=1533)
       0.44 = coord(11/25)
   

2. Saadat, R.; Shabani, A.; Asemi, A.: Identifying the patterns of author-generated tags to library and information science papers in the academic social networks : focusing on Academia.edu (2024) 0.34

   0.34021097 = sum of:
     0.34021097 = product of:
       0.8505274 = sum of:
         0.0060653216 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0060653216 = score(doc=2235,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.046092235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1109458 = boost
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.13159096 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.042918067 = weight(abstract_txt:four in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042918067 = score(doc=2235,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.107020095 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.197007 = boost
               5.1852746 = idf(docFreq=675, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.40102813 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.1852746 = idf(docFreq=675, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.04501867 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04501867 = score(doc=2235,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.110484235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2162256 = boost
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.4074669 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.01582104 = weight(abstract_txt:analysis in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01582104 = score(doc=2235,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07935403 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2623917 = boost
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.19937286 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6456752 = idf(docFreq=3151, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.053965352 = weight(abstract_txt:distribution in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053965352 = score(doc=2235,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.124675736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2919775 = boost
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.43284568 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.045826726 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045826726 = score(doc=2235,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1408622 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3732867 = boost
               5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.3253302 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.948895 = idf(docFreq=314, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.097774774 = weight(abstract_txt:tagged in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.097774774 = score(doc=2235,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23345317 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7679251 = boost
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.41881964 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.27357247 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27357247 = score(doc=2235,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.23859592 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1889765 = boost
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             1.1465933 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.1332779 = weight(abstract_txt:keywords in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1332779 = score(doc=2235,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.28700358 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7721877 = boost
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.46437714 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
         0.13628711 = weight(abstract_txt:tagging in 2235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13628711 = score(doc=2235,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.39536518 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.637753 = boost
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.34471196 = fieldWeight in 2235, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2235)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

3. Yi, K.; Chan, L.M.: Linking folksonomy to Library of Congress subject headings : an exploratory study (2009) 0.33

   0.3265842 = sum of:
     0.3265842 = product of:
       1.0205756 = sum of:
         0.019165086 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019165086 = score(doc=603,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07877512 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0269718 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.24328856 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.00857766 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.00857766 = score(doc=603,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.046092235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1109458 = boost
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.18609773 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.031833004 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031833004 = score(doc=603,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.110484235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2162256 = boost
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.2881226 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2685275 = idf(docFreq=621, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.053965352 = weight(abstract_txt:distribution in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053965352 = score(doc=603,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.124675736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2919775 = boost
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.43284568 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.5966744 = idf(docFreq=447, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.097774774 = weight(abstract_txt:tagged in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.097774774 = score(doc=603,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23345317 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7679251 = boost
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.41881964 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.6584163 = idf(docFreq=56, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.14286856 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14286856 = score(doc=603,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.23859592 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1889765 = boost
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.5987888 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.393817 = weight(abstract_txt:folksonomies in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.393817 = score(doc=603,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.469067 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5440223 = boost
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.8395752 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
         0.27257422 = weight(abstract_txt:tagging in 603) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27257422 = score(doc=603,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.39536518 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.637753 = boost
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.6894239 = fieldWeight in 603, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=603)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Bentley, C.M.; Labelle, P.R.: ¬A comparison of social tagging designs and user participation (2008) 0.32

   0.3247727 = sum of:
     0.3247727 = product of:
       0.9021463 = sum of:
         0.015166604 = weight(abstract_txt:general in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015166604 = score(doc=3657,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07469164 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.3318667 = idf(docFreq=1586, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.20305625 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3318667 = idf(docFreq=1586, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.06155304 = weight(abstract_txt:taggers in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06155304 = score(doc=3657,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15083522 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.004848 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.40808135 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.016427217 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016427217 = score(doc=3657,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07877512 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0269718 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.20853305 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.0073522804 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0073522804 = score(doc=3657,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.046092235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1109458 = boost
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.15951234 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.030357128 = weight(abstract_txt:communities in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030357128 = score(doc=3657,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.118627906 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2602521 = boost
               5.4592443 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.25590208 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4592443 = idf(docFreq=513, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.0488685 = weight(abstract_txt:websites in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0488685 = score(doc=3657,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16294177 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.476999 = boost
               6.398163 = idf(docFreq=200, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.29991388 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.398163 = idf(docFreq=200, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.20124277 = weight(abstract_txt:del.icio.us in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20124277 = score(doc=3657,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.332264 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.109141 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.6056713 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.099987164 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.099987164 = score(doc=3657,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.23859592 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1889765 = boost
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.41906485 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
         0.42119157 = weight(abstract_txt:tagging in 3657) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.42119157 = score(doc=3657,freq=13.0), product of:
             0.39536518 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.637753 = boost
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             1.0653229 = fieldWeight in 3657, product of:
               3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
                 13.0 = termFreq=13.0
               6.3033047 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=44421)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3657)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

5. Morrison, P.J.: Tagging and searching : search retrieval effectiveness of folksonomies on the World Wide Web (2008) 0.29

   0.28547803 = sum of:
     0.28547803 = product of:
       1.0195644 = sum of:
         0.006931796 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.006931796 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.046092235 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1109458 = boost
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.15038967 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4062347 = idf(docFreq=10885, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.034683038 = weight(abstract_txt:four in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034683038 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.107020095 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.197007 = boost
               5.1852746 = idf(docFreq=675, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.32407966 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1852746 = idf(docFreq=675, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.03501329 = weight(abstract_txt:empirical in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03501329 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10769839 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2007942 = boost
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.32510504 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2016807 = idf(docFreq=664, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.18973352 = weight(abstract_txt:del.icio.us in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18973352 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.332264 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.109141 = boost
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.5710324 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.1365185 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.09426881 = weight(abstract_txt:tags in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09426881 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23859592 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1889765 = boost
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.39509815 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3215704 = idf(docFreq=216, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.1077048 = weight(abstract_txt:keywords in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1077048 = score(doc=3109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28700358 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7721877 = boost
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             0.37527338 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.004374 = idf(docFreq=297, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
         0.55122906 = weight(abstract_txt:folksonomies in 3109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.55122906 = score(doc=3109,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.469067 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5440223 = boost
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.017242368 = queryNorm
             1.1751605 = fieldWeight in 3109, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3109)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)