Document (#33078)

Author

Cho, B.-H.
Lee, C.
Lee, G.G.

Title

Exploring term dependences in probabilistic information retrieval model

Source

Information processing and management. 39(2003) no.4, S.505-519

Year

2003

Abstract

Most previous information retrieval (IR) models assume that terms of queries and documents are statistically independent from each another. However, this kind of conditional independence assumption is obviously and openly understood to be wrong, so we present a new method of incorporating term dependence in probabilistic retrieval model by adapting Bahadur-Lazarsfeld expansion (BLE) to compensate the weakness of the assumption. In this paper, we describe a theoretic process to apply BLE to the general probabilistic models and the state-of-the-art 2-Poisson model. Through the experiments on two standard document collections, HANTEC2.0 in Korean and WT10g in English, we demonstrate that incorporation of term dependences using the BLE significantly contribute to the improvement of performance in at least two different language IR systems.

Similar documents (content)

1. Lee, C.; Lee, G.G.: Probabilistic information retrieval model for a dependence structured indexing system (2005) 2.81

   2.8051908 = sum of:
     2.8051908 = product of:
       2.9220738 = sum of:
         0.055525914 = weight(abstract_txt:improvement in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.055525914 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11559417 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.148508 = idf(docFreq=257, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.4803522 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.148508 = idf(docFreq=257, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.05739314 = weight(abstract_txt:understood in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05739314 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11817133 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.011086 = boost
               6.2166705 = idf(docFreq=240, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.4856774 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.2166705 = idf(docFreq=240, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.07498658 = weight(abstract_txt:incorporating in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07498658 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14123027 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1053401 = boost
               6.7961926 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5309526 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7961926 = idf(docFreq=134, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.075732894 = weight(abstract_txt:statistically in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.075732894 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14216581 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1089951 = boost
               6.8186655 = idf(docFreq=131, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5327082 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.8186655 = idf(docFreq=131, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.0951494 = weight(abstract_txt:assume in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0951494 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16552979 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1966581 = boost
               7.357662 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.57481736 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.357662 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.0951494 = weight(abstract_txt:adapting in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0951494 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16552979 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1966581 = boost
               7.357662 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.57481736 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.357662 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.099469036 = weight(abstract_txt:dependence in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.099469036 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1705025 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2144997 = boost
               7.467361 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.58338755 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.467361 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.1080466 = weight(abstract_txt:incorporation in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1080466 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18016878 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2484518 = boost
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5996966 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.676116 = idf(docFreq=55, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.115615085 = weight(abstract_txt:korean in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.115615085 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18848717 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2769471 = boost
               7.85132 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.61338437 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.85132 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.11754677 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11754677 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19058084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2840196 = boost
               7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.61678165 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.11958919 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11958919 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1927821 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2914137 = boost
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.62033343 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.1217541 = weight(abstract_txt:wrong in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1217541 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19510177 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.29916 = boost
               7.9878955 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6240543 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9878955 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.13195197 = weight(abstract_txt:conditional in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13195197 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2058493 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3344636 = boost
               8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6410125 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.13828462 = weight(abstract_txt:obviously in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13828462 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2123838 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3554788 = boost
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6511072 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.15014698 = weight(abstract_txt:openly in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15014698 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22436228 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3931792 = boost
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.66921663 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.15249664 = weight(abstract_txt:weakness in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15249664 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22669694 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4004089 = boost
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.67268944 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.610425 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.16340913 = weight(abstract_txt:poisson in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16340913 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23738667 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4330462 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6883669 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.17005023 = weight(abstract_txt:compensate in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17005023 = score(doc=2004,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24377562 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4522024 = boost
               8.928879 = idf(docFreq=15, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.69756866 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.928879 = idf(docFreq=15, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.06676343 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06676343 = score(doc=2004,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13070671 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5038204 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5107881 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.042584293 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042584293 = score(doc=2004,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11086697 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6962652 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.3841026 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.064029835 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.064029835 = score(doc=2004,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14550932 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9432919 = boost
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.4400394 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.21004297 = weight(abstract_txt:assumption in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.21004297 = score(doc=2004,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.28063655 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.203531 = boost
               6.774214 = idf(docFreq=137, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.74845195 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.774214 = idf(docFreq=137, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.111714765 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.111714765 = score(doc=2004,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21088366 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.339452 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.52974594 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
         0.38464105 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 2004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.38464105 = score(doc=2004,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.42005795 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.3017733 = boost
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.91568565 = fieldWeight in 2004, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=2004)
       0.96 = coord(24/25)
   

2. Bruza, P.D.; Huibers, T.W.C.: ¬A study of aboutness in information retrieval (1996) 0.25

   0.25156003 = sum of:
     0.25156003 = product of:
       0.8984287 = sum of:
         0.1410561 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1410561 = score(doc=774,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19058084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2840196 = boost
               7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.74013793 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.894805 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.15834238 = weight(abstract_txt:conditional in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15834238 = score(doc=774,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2058493 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3344636 = boost
               8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.769215 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.080116116 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.080116116 = score(doc=774,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13070671 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5038204 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6129457 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.080798015 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.080798015 = score(doc=774,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.11086697 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6962652 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.7287835 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.0768358 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0768358 = score(doc=774,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14550932 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9432919 = boost
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5280473 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.094793126 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.094793126 = score(doc=774,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21088366 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.339452 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.44950435 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
         0.26648712 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 774) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.26648712 = score(doc=774,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.42005795 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.3017733 = boost
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6344056 = fieldWeight in 774, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=774)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Losee, R.M.: Comparing Boolean and probabilistic information retrieval systems across queries and disciplines (1997) 0.19

   0.19231087 = sum of:
     0.19231087 = product of:
       0.8012953 = sum of:
         0.119362846 = weight(abstract_txt:dependence in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.119362846 = score(doc=778,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1705025 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2144997 = boost
               7.467361 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.7000651 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.467361 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
         0.14350702 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14350702 = score(doc=778,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1927821 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2914137 = boost
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.7444001 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
         0.05665065 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05665065 = score(doc=778,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13070671 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5038204 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.43341807 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
         0.05110115 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05110115 = score(doc=778,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11086697 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6962652 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.46092314 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
         0.1641865 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1641865 = score(doc=778,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21088366 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.339452 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.77856433 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
         0.26648712 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.26648712 = score(doc=778,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.42005795 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.3017733 = boost
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.6344056 = fieldWeight in 778, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=778)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Lassalle, E.; Lassalle, E.: Semantic models in information retrieval (2012) 0.18

   0.18304689 = sum of:
     0.18304689 = product of:
       0.76269543 = sum of:
         0.09567134 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09567134 = score(doc=1097,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1927821 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2914137 = boost
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.49626672 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
         0.1307273 = weight(abstract_txt:poisson in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1307273 = score(doc=1097,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23738667 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4330462 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5506935 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
         0.084449805 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084449805 = score(doc=1097,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.13070671 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5038204 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.64610153 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
         0.024089314 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024089314 = score(doc=1097,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11086697 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6962652 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.21728125 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
         0.07244149 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07244149 = score(doc=1097,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.14550932 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9432919 = boost
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.49784777 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
         0.3553162 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 1097) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3553162 = score(doc=1097,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.42005795 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.3017733 = boost
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.8458742 = fieldWeight in 1097, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1097)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Losee, R.M.: Determining information retrieval and filtering performance without experimentation (1995) 0.16

   0.16452065 = sum of:
     0.16452065 = product of:
       0.6855027 = sum of:
         0.11958919 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11958919 = score(doc=3436,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1927821 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2914137 = boost
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.62033343 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.9402676 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
         0.04720888 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04720888 = score(doc=3436,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13070671 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5038204 = boost
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.36118174 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.623126 = idf(docFreq=1185, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
         0.060223285 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060223285 = score(doc=3436,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11086697 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6962652 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5432031 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
         0.078420214 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.078420214 = score(doc=3436,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.14550932 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9432919 = boost
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.538936 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.9827821 = idf(docFreq=2249, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
         0.15798853 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15798853 = score(doc=3436,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.21088366 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.339452 = boost
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.7491739 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.794713 = idf(docFreq=998, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
         0.22207262 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 3436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22207262 = score(doc=3436,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.42005795 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.3017733 = boost
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.018800361 = queryNorm
             0.5286714 = fieldWeight in 3436, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7669935 = idf(docFreq=138, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3436)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)