Document (#32388)

Author

Frau-Meigs, D.

Title

Minding the gatekeepers : search engines for young people, and the regulatory riddle of harmful content - an environmental cognition perspective

Source

Macht der Suchmaschinen: The Power of Search Engines. Hrsg.: Machill, M. u. M. Beiler

Imprint

Köln : Halem

Year

2007

Pages

S.298-326

Abstract

Search engines have evolved with the internet as an organic tool to make sense of the chaos of sites accessible on the web. They started in the early 19906 as the Internet was becoming a commercial entity. They have gradually been converging and a few of them have a quasi monopoly on access to information, with three major actors left: Google, Yahoo! and MSN. This increased control in access to sources of internet content has triggered concerns among consumers, activists, family associations and governments. Issues of consumer manipulation, harmful content and freedom of speech have appeared that stress the key role of search engines but also call into question their functionality and their independence. Their use and appropriation by young people and parents also question their functionality and independence. According to a recent research on media appropriation, go per cent of young people between iz and 14 years in six European countries connect to internet mostly via search engines, with Google by far the favourite. But it is not to look for information. It is rather as a lazy way to get to the site they want and already know. It is more a portal than an information provider. Most young people don't seem to be aware that there are dedicated search engines for their own use. As for parents, they tend to use filters mostly to control the time and the expenses of their children. In both cases, search relevance is a kind of shortcut rather than a thorough quest for information. It follows an economic logic of saving time and money rather than curiosity or control of harmful content. And yet search engines for children are the outcome of calls for regulation by families and educators. So how to explain the gap between user behaviour and media competence? Between regulation and appropriation? Where does this leave protection of minors about unsuitable or harmful content? What does it tell us about the future of search? This chapter has three objectives, developed in three parts: to take stock of the existing search tools for parents and young people; to provide an analytical framework for assessing self-, co- and regulatory strategies for search engines in the context of harmful content; to place search engines for children in the wider perspective of the search for information, in an environmental cognition paradigm. This leads to consider alternative solutions to direct regulation in internet governance and to examine new criteria for the empowerment of children in the information society.

Theme

Suchmaschinen

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5. Wang, P.; Ma, Y.; Xie, H.; Wang, H.; Lu, J.; Xu, J.: "There is a gorilla holding a key on the book cover" : young children's known picture book search strategies (2022) 0.19

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