Document (#29266)

Author

Deursen, A. van
Klint, P.
Visser, J.

Title

Domain-specific languages

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information science. Vol.72, [=Suppl.35]

Imprint

New York : Dekker

Year

2002

Pages

S.113-127

Abstract

In all branches of science and engineering, one can distinguish between approaches that are generic and those that are specific. A generic approach provides a general solution for many problems in a certain area, but such a solution may be suboptimal. A specific approach provides a much better solution for a smaller set of problems. One of the incarnations of this dichotomy in computer science is the topic of this survey: domainspecific languages versus generic programming languages. Of course, this is not a new topic. The older progranuning languages (Cobol, Fortran, Lisp) all came into existence as dedicated languages for solving problems in a certain area (respectively business processing, numeric computation, and symbolic processing). Gradually, they have evolved into general-purpose languages and, over and over again, the need for more specialized language support to solve problems in well-defined application domains has resurfaced. Over time, the following solutions have been tried: - Subroutine libraries contain subroutines that perform related tasks in well-defined domains like differential equations, graphics, user interfaces, and databases. The subroutine library is the classical method for packaging reusable domain knowledge. - Object-oriented frameworks and component frameworks continue the idea of subroutine libraries. Classical libraries have a flat structure, and the application invokes the library. In object-oriented frameworks, it is often the Gase that the framework is in control and invokes methods provided by the application-specific code (1,2). - A domain-specific language (DSL) is a small, usually declarative, language that offers expressive power focused an a particular problem domain. In many cases, DSL programs are translated to calls to a common subroutine library and the DSL can be viewed as a means to hide the details of that library. Although many domain-specific languages have been designed and used over the years, the systematic study of domain-specific languages has only started more recently. This survey provides an inventory of the field and covers references to research that deals with the following topics: terminology, risks and opportunities, example DSLs, DSL design methodology, and DSL implementation strategies; these topics are discussed in subsequent sections of this article. The articles listed are annotated with summaries, which, in turn, are cross-referenced to related articles.

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4. Catarci, T.; Spaccapietra, S.: Visual information querying (2002) 0.26

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5. Stede, M.: Lexicalization in natural language generation (2002) 0.26

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