Document (#26334)

Author

Drabenstott, K.M.
Simcox, S.
Fenton, E.G.

Title

End-user understanding of subject headings in library catalogs

Source

Library resources and technical services. 43(1999) no.3, S.140-160

Year

1999

Abstract

n this article, we report on the first large-scale study of end-user understanding of subject headings. Our objectives were to determine the extent to which children and adults understood subdivided subject headings and to suggest improvements for improving understanding of subject headings. The 1991 Library of Congress Subject Subdivisions Conference suggested standardizing the order of subject subdivisions for the purpose of simplifying subject cataloging, which served as the impetus for the study. We demonstrated that adults understood subject headings better than children; however, both adults and children assigned correct meanings to less than half of the subject headings they examined. Neither subject heading context nor subdivision order had an effect on understanding. Based on our findings, we challenge the library community to make major changes to the Library of Congress Subject Headings system that have the potential to increase end-user understanding of subject headings.

Theme

Benutzerstudien
Schlagwortkatalog

Object

LCSH

Similar documents (author)

1. Drabenstott, K.M.: ¬The need for machine-readable authority records for topical subdivisions (1992) 5.13

   5.1281 = sum of:
     5.1281 = weight(author_txt:drabenstott in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.1281 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
   

2. Drabenstott, K.M.: Experiences with online catalogs in the USA using a classification system as a subject searching tool (1990) 5.13

   5.1281 = sum of:
     5.1281 = weight(author_txt:drabenstott in 4785) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.1281 = fieldWeight in 4785, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4785)
   

3. Drabenstott, K.M.: Classification to the rescue : handling the problems of too many and too few retrievals (1996) 5.13

   5.1281 = sum of:
     5.1281 = weight(author_txt:drabenstott in 5232) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.1281 = fieldWeight in 5232, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5232)
   

4. Drabenstott, K.M.: Enhancing a new design for subject access to online catalogs (1996) 5.13

   5.1281 = sum of:
     5.1281 = weight(author_txt:drabenstott in 5621) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.1281 = fieldWeight in 5621, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5621)
   

5. Drabenstott, K.M.: Enhancing a new design for subject access to online catalogs (1994) 5.13

   5.1281 = sum of:
     5.1281 = weight(author_txt:drabenstott in 6899) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.1281 = fieldWeight in 6899, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         8.20496 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6899)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Drabenstott, K.M.; Dede, B.A.R.; Leavit, M.: ¬The changes of meaning in subdivided subject headings (1999) 0.95

   0.945453 = sum of:
     0.945453 = product of:
       1.8181789 = sum of:
         0.07381529 = weight(abstract_txt:meanings in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07381529 = score(doc=353,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09904171 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0591784 = boost
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.74529505 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.019158188 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019158188 = score(doc=353,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.050773084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0724864 = boost
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.37732962 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.10529372 = weight(abstract_txt:simplifying in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10529372 = score(doc=353,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15812439 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3383185 = boost
               8.523414 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.6658917 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.523414 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.10687888 = weight(abstract_txt:impetus in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10687888 = score(doc=353,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15970744 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.345001 = boost
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.66921663 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.1943295 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivided in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1943295 = score(doc=353,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.16496152 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.366946 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.1780293 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.042345535 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042345535 = score(doc=353,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08615272 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3970422 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.49151713 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.12655896 = weight(abstract_txt:standardizing in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12655896 = score(doc=353,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1787554 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4229499 = boost
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.7080008 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.05362663 = weight(abstract_txt:congress in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05362663 = score(doc=353,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12705572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6965714 = boost
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.42207175 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.03119272 = weight(abstract_txt:library in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03119272 = score(doc=353,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.088533856 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.002833 = boost
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.35232532 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.28657955 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivisions in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28657955 = score(doc=353,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.24465308 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.354238 = boost
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.1713711 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.11097038 = weight(abstract_txt:understanding in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11097038 = score(doc=353,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2222535 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5478833 = boost
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.49929643 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.32244495 = weight(abstract_txt:headings in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.32244495 = score(doc=353,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.4624064 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.473169 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.6973194 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
         0.3449847 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 353) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3449847 = score(doc=353,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.3992953 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3671203 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.86398387 = fieldWeight in 353, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=353)
       0.52 = coord(13/25)
   

2. Franz, L.; Powell, J.; Jude, S.; Drabenstott, K.M.: End user understanding of subdivided headings (1994) 0.75

   0.75426453 = sum of:
     0.75426453 = product of:
       1.5713844 = sum of:
         0.015326551 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015326551 = score(doc=1231,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.050773084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0724864 = boost
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.3018637 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.0855031 = weight(abstract_txt:impetus in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0855031 = score(doc=1231,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15970744 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.345001 = boost
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.53537333 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.565973 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.17951392 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivided in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17951392 = score(doc=1231,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.16496152 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.366946 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.0882169 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.023954252 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023954252 = score(doc=1231,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08615272 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3970422 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.27804407 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.10124718 = weight(abstract_txt:standardizing in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10124718 = score(doc=1231,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1787554 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4229499 = boost
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.56640065 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.06241 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.042901304 = weight(abstract_txt:congress in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042901304 = score(doc=1231,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12705572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6965714 = boost
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.3376574 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.03525206 = weight(abstract_txt:user in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03525206 = score(doc=1231,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.0884695 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7338736 = boost
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.3984657 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.6808684 = idf(docFreq=3042, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.017645268 = weight(abstract_txt:library in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.017645268 = score(doc=1231,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.088533856 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.002833 = boost
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.19930531 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.22926363 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivisions in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22926363 = score(doc=1231,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.24465308 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.354238 = boost
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.9370969 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.10872832 = weight(abstract_txt:understanding in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10872832 = score(doc=1231,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.2222535 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.5478833 = boost
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.48920858 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.5191154 = idf(docFreq=1315, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.3940342 = weight(abstract_txt:headings in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3940342 = score(doc=1231,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.4624064 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.473169 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.85213834 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
         0.3380146 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 1231) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3380146 = score(doc=1231,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.3992953 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3671203 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.8465279 = fieldWeight in 1231, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1231)
       0.48 = coord(12/25)
   

3. Drabenstott, K.M.: Period subdivisions in the Library of Congress Subject Headings system : some thoughts and recommendations for the future (1992) 0.36

   0.36404398 = sum of:
     0.36404398 = product of:
       1.0112332 = sum of:
         0.010837508 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010837508 = score(doc=668,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.050773084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0724864 = boost
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.21344988 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.078747936 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivision in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.078747936 = score(doc=668,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15118082 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3086044 = boost
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.52088577 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.1269355 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivided in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1269355 = score(doc=668,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16496152 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.366946 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.76948553 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.023954252 = weight(abstract_txt:order in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023954252 = score(doc=668,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08615272 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3970422 = boost
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.27804407 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.448705 = idf(docFreq=1411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.060671605 = weight(abstract_txt:congress in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060671605 = score(doc=668,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12705572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6965714 = boost
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.47751966 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.024954176 = weight(abstract_txt:library in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024954176 = score(doc=668,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.088533856 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.002833 = boost
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.28186026 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.25632456 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivisions in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25632456 = score(doc=668,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.24465308 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.354238 = boost
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.0477062 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.21062015 = weight(abstract_txt:headings in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.21062015 = score(doc=668,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.4624064 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.473169 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.4554871 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
         0.2181875 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 668) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2181875 = score(doc=668,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.3992953 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3671203 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.5464314 = fieldWeight in 668, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=668)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Drabenstott, K.M.: Facilitating geographic subdivision assignment in subject headings (1992) 0.33

   0.33338264 = sum of:
     0.33338264 = product of:
       1.0418208 = sum of:
         0.086958006 = weight(abstract_txt:correct in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.086958006 = score(doc=3708,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09783016 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0526801 = boost
               6.704255 = idf(docFreq=147, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.888867 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.704255 = idf(docFreq=147, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.016256263 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016256263 = score(doc=3708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.050773084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0724864 = boost
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.3201748 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.23624381 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivision in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23624381 = score(doc=3708,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.15118082 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3086044 = boost
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.5626574 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               8.334172 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.13463543 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivided in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13463543 = score(doc=3708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16496152 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.366946 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.8161627 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.06435195 = weight(abstract_txt:congress in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06435195 = score(doc=3708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12705572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6965714 = boost
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.50648606 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.026467903 = weight(abstract_txt:library in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026467903 = score(doc=3708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.088533856 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.002833 = boost
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.29895797 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.2233964 = weight(abstract_txt:headings in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2233964 = score(doc=3708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4624064 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.473169 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.48311704 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
         0.25351095 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 3708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25351095 = score(doc=3708,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.3992953 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3671203 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.6348959 = fieldWeight in 3708, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3708)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

5. Drabenstott, K.M.: ¬The need for machine-readable authority records for topical subdivisions (1992) 0.30

   0.30186427 = sum of:
     0.30186427 = product of:
       1.0780866 = sum of:
         0.016256263 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.016256263 = score(doc=1502,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.050773084 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0724864 = boost
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.3201748 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.415198 = idf(docFreq=3968, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.19040325 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivided in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19040325 = score(doc=1502,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16496152 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.366946 = boost
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             1.1542283 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.705735 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.06435195 = weight(abstract_txt:congress in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06435195 = score(doc=1502,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12705572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6965714 = boost
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.50648606 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4025183 = idf(docFreq=543, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.026467903 = weight(abstract_txt:library in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026467903 = score(doc=1502,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.088533856 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.002833 = boost
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.29895797 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.188885 = idf(docFreq=4976, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.17194773 = weight(abstract_txt:subdivisions in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17194773 = score(doc=1502,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.24465308 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.354238 = boost
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.7028227 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.496775 = idf(docFreq=66, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.31593022 = weight(abstract_txt:headings in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.31593022 = score(doc=1502,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.4624064 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.473169 = boost
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.68323064 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.1532483 = idf(docFreq=697, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
         0.29272923 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 1502) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.29272923 = score(doc=1502,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.3992953 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3671203 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.013861998 = queryNorm
             0.73311466 = fieldWeight in 1502, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1502)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)