Document (#24852)

Author

Thelwall, M.

Title

Extracting macroscopic information from Web links

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.13, S.1157-1168

Year

2001

Abstract

Much has been written about the potential and pitfalls of macroscopic Web-based link analysis, yet there have been no studies that have provided clear statistical evidence that any of the proposed calculations can produce results over large areas of the Web that correlate with phenomena external to the Internet. This article attempts to provide such evidence through an evaluation of Ingwersen's (1998) proposed external Web Impact Factor (WIF) for the original use of the Web: the interlinking of academic research. In particular, it studies the case of the relationship between academic hyperlinks and research activity for universities in Britain, a country chosen for its variety of institutions and the existence of an official government rating exercise for research. After reviewing the numerous reasons why link counts may be unreliable, it demonstrates that four different WIFs do, in fact, correlate with the conventional academic research measures. The WIF delivering the greatest correlation with research rankings was the ratio of Web pages with links pointing at research-based pages to faculty numbers. The scarcity of links to electronic academic papers in the data set suggests that, in contrast to citation analysis, this WIF is measuring the reputations of universities and their scholars, rather than the quality of their publications

Theme

Internet
Citation indexing
Informetrie

Object

WWW

Similar documents (author)

1. Thelwall, M.; Thelwall, S.: ¬A thematic analysis of highly retweeted early COVID-19 tweets : consensus, information, dissent and lockdown life (2020) 4.89

   4.888919 = sum of:
     4.888919 = weight(author_txt:thelwall in 1179) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.888919 = fieldWeight in 1179, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         6.9139757 = idf(docFreq=119, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1179)
   

2. Thelwall, M.: Conceptualizing documentation on the Web : an evaluation of different heuristic-based models for counting links between university Web sites (2002) 4.32

   4.3212347 = sum of:
     4.3212347 = weight(author_txt:thelwall in 1978) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.3212347 = fieldWeight in 1978, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.9139757 = idf(docFreq=119, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1978)
   

3. Thelwall, M.: Text characteristics of English language university Web sites (2005) 4.32

   4.3212347 = sum of:
     4.3212347 = weight(author_txt:thelwall in 4463) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.3212347 = fieldWeight in 4463, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.9139757 = idf(docFreq=119, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4463)
   

4. Thelwall, M.: Bibliometrics to webometrics (2009) 4.32

   4.3212347 = sum of:
     4.3212347 = weight(author_txt:thelwall in 5239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.3212347 = fieldWeight in 5239, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.9139757 = idf(docFreq=119, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5239)
   

5. Thelwall, M.: ¬A layered approach for investigating the topological structure of communities in the Web (2003) 4.32

   4.3212347 = sum of:
     4.3212347 = weight(author_txt:thelwall in 5450) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.3212347 = fieldWeight in 5450, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         6.9139757 = idf(docFreq=119, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5450)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Vaughan, L.; Thelwall, M.: Scholarly use of the Web : what are the key inducers of links to journal Web sites? (2003) 0.22

   0.22298174 = sum of:
     0.22298174 = product of:
       0.6193937 = sum of:
         0.07041674 = weight(abstract_txt:ratio in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07041674 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14810696 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.607123 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.47544518 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.607123 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.009951334 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009951334 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.063787036 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3125277 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.15600874 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.049442116 = weight(abstract_txt:evidence in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049442116 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14741202 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4108918 = boost
               5.3664136 = idf(docFreq=563, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.33540085 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3664136 = idf(docFreq=563, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.05948176 = weight(abstract_txt:link in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05948176 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16674675 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.500569 = boost
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.35671914 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.025913019 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025913019 = score(doc=2236,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.07157199 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5544215 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.3620553 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.0739438 = weight(abstract_txt:universities in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0739438 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19278328 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6134739 = boost
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.3835592 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.14572158 = weight(abstract_txt:correlate in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14572158 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30302894 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0228763 = boost
               7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.4808834 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.15425041 = weight(abstract_txt:links in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15425041 = score(doc=2236,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.21069755 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0658684 = boost
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.732094 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
         0.030272948 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 2236) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030272948 = score(doc=2236,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15330103 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4920712 = boost
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.19747387 = fieldWeight in 2236, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2236)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

2. Barjak, F.; Thelwall, M.: ¬A statistical analysis of the web presences of European life sciences research teams (2008) 0.19

   0.18905699 = sum of:
     0.18905699 = product of:
       0.5251583 = sum of:
         0.024664072 = weight(abstract_txt:studies in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024664072 = score(doc=2383,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.092720985 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1189644 = boost
               4.25605 = idf(docFreq=1711, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.26600313 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.25605 = idf(docFreq=1711, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.10741993 = weight(abstract_txt:unreliable in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10741993 = score(doc=2383,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19626737 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1511617 = boost
               8.757029 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.5473143 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.757029 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.014073312 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014073312 = score(doc=2383,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.063787036 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3125277 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.22062966 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.049442116 = weight(abstract_txt:evidence in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049442116 = score(doc=2383,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14741202 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4108918 = boost
               5.3664136 = idf(docFreq=563, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.33540085 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3664136 = idf(docFreq=563, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.0841199 = weight(abstract_txt:link in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0841199 = score(doc=2383,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16674675 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.500569 = boost
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.504477 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.014960888 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014960888 = score(doc=2383,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07157199 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5544215 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.20903271 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.097556524 = weight(abstract_txt:links in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.097556524 = score(doc=2383,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21069755 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0658684 = boost
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.4630169 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.065229215 = weight(abstract_txt:academic in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.065229215 = score(doc=2383,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2234119 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4563792 = boost
               4.6714945 = idf(docFreq=1129, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.2919684 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6714945 = idf(docFreq=1129, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
         0.06769237 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 2383) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06769237 = score(doc=2383,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.15330103 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4920712 = boost
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.441565 = fieldWeight in 2383, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2383)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

3. Stone, P.: JANET : a report on its use for libraries (1990) 0.17

   0.16589107 = sum of:
     0.16589107 = product of:
       1.0368192 = sum of:
         0.6318388 = weight(subject_txt:britain in 1778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6318388 = score(doc=1778,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17359574 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0826343 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             3.6397138 = fieldWeight in 1778, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=1778)
         0.15685849 = weight(abstract_txt:universities in 1778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15685849 = score(doc=1778,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.19278328 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6134739 = boost
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.8136519 = fieldWeight in 1778, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1778)
         0.16947047 = weight(abstract_txt:academic in 1778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16947047 = score(doc=1778,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.2234119 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4563792 = boost
               4.6714945 = idf(docFreq=1129, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.7585561 = fieldWeight in 1778, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.6714945 = idf(docFreq=1129, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1778)
         0.07865141 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 1778) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07865141 = score(doc=1778,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15330103 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4920712 = boost
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.5130521 = fieldWeight in 1778, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1778)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

4. Thelwall, M.: ¬A comparison of sources of links for academic Web impact factor calculations (2002) 0.15

   0.14987044 = sum of:
     0.14987044 = product of:
       0.62446016 = sum of:
         0.01759164 = weight(abstract_txt:with in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01759164 = score(doc=5474,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.063787036 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3125277 = boost
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.2757871 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4961398 = idf(docFreq=9949, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
         0.03740222 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03740222 = score(doc=5474,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.07157199 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5544215 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.5225818 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
         0.16009302 = weight(abstract_txt:universities in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16009302 = score(doc=5474,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.19278328 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6134739 = boost
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.83043003 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
         0.2576018 = weight(abstract_txt:correlate in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2576018 = score(doc=5474,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.30302894 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0228763 = boost
               7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.8500897 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.694134 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
         0.086228594 = weight(abstract_txt:links in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.086228594 = score(doc=5474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21069755 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0658684 = boost
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.40925297 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
         0.065542854 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 5474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.065542854 = score(doc=5474,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15330103 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.4920712 = boost
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.42754346 = fieldWeight in 5474, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.159582 = idf(docFreq=5124, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5474)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Vaughan, L.; Thelwall, M.: ¬A modelling approach to uncover hyperlink patterns : the case of Canadian universities (2005) 0.14

   0.14161566 = sum of:
     0.14161566 = product of:
       0.70807827 = sum of:
         0.16413292 = weight(abstract_txt:interlinking in 2014) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16413292 = score(doc=2014,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19869845 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1582692 = boost
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.82604027 = fieldWeight in 2014, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.811096 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2014)
         0.08922263 = weight(abstract_txt:link in 2014) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08922263 = score(doc=2014,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16674675 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.500569 = boost
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.5350787 = fieldWeight in 2014, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.707506 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2014)
         0.027484903 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 2014) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027484903 = score(doc=2014,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07157199 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5544215 = boost
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.3840176 = fieldWeight in 2014, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3649352 = idf(docFreq=11344, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2014)
         0.24801505 = weight(abstract_txt:universities in 2014) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.24801505 = score(doc=2014,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.19278328 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6134739 = boost
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             1.2864966 = fieldWeight in 2014, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.136947 = idf(docFreq=260, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2014)
         0.17922278 = weight(abstract_txt:links in 2014) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17922278 = score(doc=2014,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21069755 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0658684 = boost
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.01946951 = queryNorm
             0.85061634 = fieldWeight in 2014, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.238438 = idf(docFreq=640, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2014)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)