Document (#24386)

Author

Lachnit, H.

Title

Assoziatives Lernen und Kognition : ein experimenteller Brückenschlag zwischen Hirnforschung und Kognitionswissenschaft

Imprint

Heidelberg : Spektrum Akademischer Verlag

Year

1993

Pages

172 S

Isbn

3-86025-062-0

Abstract

Unser Gehirn, ein Organ von etwa drei Pfund Gewebemasse mit ungefähr 100 Milliarden Neuronen, ist die materielle Basis all unserer geistigen und seelischen Fähigkeiten. Die Myriaden von Neuronen sind untereinander engstens verknüpft und ändern überdies ständig die Stärke ihrer Verbindungen. Das klassische Konditionieren, eine Form des assoziativen Lernens, bietet sich als Methode zur Untersuchung dieser Verbindungen an. So lernt der berühmte Pawlowsche Hund, einen Reiz (Futterangebot) mit einem anderen Reiz (Glockenton) zu assoziieren (so daß der Glockenton Speichelfluß auslösen kann). Die Gesetzmäßigkeiten, nach denen der Hund diese Assoziation bildet, stehen - wie dieses Buch zeigt - in Übereinstimmung mit Modellvorstellungen über die Veränderung der Stärke neuronaler Verbindungen. Lassen sich aber auch komplexe kognitive Fähigkeiten des Menschen, wie Wahrnehmung, Gedächtnisleistung und Denken, aus der Wechselwirkung einzelner Komponenten des Systems Gehirn erklären? Diese Grundannahme der Hirnforschung (Neuroanatomie, Biochemie, Neurophysiologie, biologische Psychologie) stößt bei Vertretern der Kognitionswissenschaften (Teile der Mathematik, Physik, Kybernetik, Philosophie, Linguistik, Kognitionspsychologie) auf ein geteiltes Echo

Field

Kognitionswissenschaft

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