Document (#21928)

Editor

Zadeh, L.A.
Kacprzyk, J.

Title

Computing with words in information / intelligent systems 2 : Applications

Imprint

Heidelberg : Springer

Year

1999

Pages

X,609 S

Isbn

3-7908-1218-8

Series

Studies in fuzziness and soft computing; vol.34

Abstract

In part 2, applications in a wider array of fields are presented which use the paradigm of computing with words, exemplified by reasoning, data analysis, data mining, machine learning, risk analyses, reliability and quality control, decision making, optimization and control, databases, medical diagnosis, business analyses, traffic management, power system planning, military applications, etc.

Similar documents (content)

1. Developments in applied artificial intelligence : proceedings / 16th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, IEA/AIE 2003, Loughborough, UK, June 23 - 26, 2003 (2003) 0.20

   0.20095323 = sum of:
     0.20095323 = product of:
       0.8373051 = sum of:
         0.063261084 = weight(abstract_txt:machine in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.063261084 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.109647274 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.274979 = idf(docFreq=617, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.57695085 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.274979 = idf(docFreq=617, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
         0.09851388 = weight(abstract_txt:planning in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09851388 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14731207 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1590983 = boost
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.6687427 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
         0.10984448 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10984448 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15840136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2019337 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.6934567 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
         0.24075815 = weight(abstract_txt:diagnosis in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.24075815 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26727647 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5612824 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.9007832 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
         0.18754318 = weight(abstract_txt:computing in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18754318 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2850915 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2803853 = boost
               6.014492 = idf(docFreq=294, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.65783507 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.014492 = idf(docFreq=294, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
         0.13738434 = weight(abstract_txt:applications in 1441) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13738434 = score(doc=1441,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26519907 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6936905 = boost
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.5180423 = fieldWeight in 1441, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1441)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Li, L.X.; Xu, L.D.: Knowledge-based problem solving (2002) 0.17

   0.16853294 = sum of:
     0.16853294 = product of:
       0.52666545 = sum of:
         0.06500608 = weight(abstract_txt:business in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06500608 = score(doc=5259,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.11165445 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0091114 = boost
               5.3230414 = idf(docFreq=588, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.5822077 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.3230414 = idf(docFreq=588, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.042260367 = weight(abstract_txt:medical in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042260367 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13300937 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1013927 = boost
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.31772473 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.04925694 = weight(abstract_txt:planning in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04925694 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14731207 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1590983 = boost
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.33437136 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.05066759 = weight(abstract_txt:mining in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05066759 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15011136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1700593 = boost
               6.1720386 = idf(docFreq=251, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.33753335 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1720386 = idf(docFreq=251, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.052731507 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052731507 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15416065 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857356 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.34205556 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.077671774 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.077671774 = score(doc=5259,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15840136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2019337 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.49034792 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.120379075 = weight(abstract_txt:diagnosis in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.120379075 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26727647 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5612824 = boost
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.4503916 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.235732 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
         0.06869217 = weight(abstract_txt:applications in 5259) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06869217 = score(doc=5259,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26519907 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6936905 = boost
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.25902116 = fieldWeight in 5259, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5259)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. Chen, J.: Artificial intelligence (2009) 0.12

   0.11712606 = sum of:
     0.11712606 = product of:
       0.48802528 = sum of:
         0.04518649 = weight(abstract_txt:machine in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04518649 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.109647274 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.274979 = idf(docFreq=617, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.41210774 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.274979 = idf(docFreq=617, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.07238228 = weight(abstract_txt:mining in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07238228 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15011136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1700593 = boost
               6.1720386 = idf(docFreq=251, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.48219052 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.1720386 = idf(docFreq=251, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.13047664 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13047664 = score(doc=734,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15416065 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857356 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.846368 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.07846034 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07846034 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15840136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2019337 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.49532622 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.022740357 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022740357 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08740447 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2626498 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.26017386 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.13877916 = weight(abstract_txt:applications in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13877916 = score(doc=734,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.26519907 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6936905 = boost
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.52330184 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Bittleston, R.: Managing documents in the wider ares : intelligent document management (1995) 0.11

   0.10577774 = sum of:
     0.10577774 = product of:
       0.6611109 = sum of:
         0.15066145 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 3466) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15066145 = score(doc=3466,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15416065 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1857356 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.9773016 = fieldWeight in 3466, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=3466)
         0.045480713 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 3466) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045480713 = score(doc=3466,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08740447 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2626498 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.5203477 = fieldWeight in 3466, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=3466)
         0.31673416 = weight(abstract_txt:traffic in 3466) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.31673416 = score(doc=3466,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25298923 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5189801 = boost
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             1.251967 = fieldWeight in 3466, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.0125885 = idf(docFreq=39, maxDocs=44421)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=3466)
         0.14823456 = weight(abstract_txt:control in 3466) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14823456 = score(doc=3466,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1921388 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8720766 = boost
               4.9375825 = idf(docFreq=865, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.77149725 = fieldWeight in 3466, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.9375825 = idf(docFreq=865, maxDocs=44421)
               0.15625 = fieldNorm(doc=3466)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

5. Koubarakis, M.: Database models for infinite and indefinite temporal information (1994) 0.09

   0.09242 = sum of:
     0.09242 = product of:
       0.46209997 = sum of:
         0.084520735 = weight(abstract_txt:medical in 18) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084520735 = score(doc=18,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13300937 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1013927 = boost
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.63544947 = fieldWeight in 18, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8098235 = idf(docFreq=361, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=18)
         0.09851388 = weight(abstract_txt:planning in 18) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09851388 = score(doc=18,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14731207 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1590983 = boost
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.6687427 = fieldWeight in 18, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.114219 = idf(docFreq=266, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=18)
         0.10984448 = weight(abstract_txt:reasoning in 18) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10984448 = score(doc=18,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15840136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2019337 = boost
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.6934567 = fieldWeight in 18, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.3401756 = idf(docFreq=212, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=18)
         0.031836502 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 18) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031836502 = score(doc=18,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08740447 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2626498 = boost
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.36424342 = fieldWeight in 18, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3302255 = idf(docFreq=4320, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=18)
         0.13738434 = weight(abstract_txt:applications in 18) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13738434 = score(doc=18,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26519907 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6936905 = boost
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020786295 = queryNorm
             0.5180423 = fieldWeight in 18, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.7363873 = idf(docFreq=1058, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=18)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)