Document (#13134)

Author

Churcher, P.R.

Title

¬A common notation for knowledge representation, cognitive models, learning and hypertext

Source

Hypermedia. 1(1989), no.3, S.235-254

Year

1989

Abstract

The subject areas of psychology, artificial intelligence, education, information science and now hypertext employ a common representation to structure knowledge and information. Examines various interpretations applied to this representation and the uses made and phenomena modelled with it in the different subject domains. Considers the application of these different meanings and functions to hypertext. Discusses the coverage of hypertext and these other subject areas in intelligent tutoring.

Theme

Hypertext

Similar documents (content)

1. Vickery, B.C.: Knowledge representation : a brief review (1986) 0.27

   0.2740423 = sum of:
     0.2740423 = product of:
       0.7612286 = sum of:
         0.085590385 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligence in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.085590385 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13417657 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1425946 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.6378937 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.09516414 = weight(abstract_txt:artificial in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09516414 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14400434 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1837 = boost
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.6608422 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.039349407 = weight(abstract_txt:these in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.039349407 = score(doc=1101,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07992553 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2471296 = boost
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.4923259 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.11658562 = weight(abstract_txt:psychology in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11658562 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16487572 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2665787 = boost
               6.4650254 = idf(docFreq=187, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.70711213 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.4650254 = idf(docFreq=187, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.054430176 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.054430176 = score(doc=1101,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09922472 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3895646 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.5485546 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.04229728 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04229728 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10566837 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4339741 = boost
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.40028328 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.095715664 = weight(abstract_txt:common in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.095715664 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18213442 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8826294 = boost
               4.8047733 = idf(docFreq=988, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.5255221 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.8047733 = idf(docFreq=988, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.07736909 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07736909 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18091674 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2980201 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.4276502 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
         0.15472685 = weight(abstract_txt:representation in 1101) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15472685 = score(doc=1101,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28717342 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8952534 = boost
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.5387924 = fieldWeight in 1101, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1101)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

2. Milne, R.J.: Hypertext and its implications for library services. (1994) 0.23

   0.22757478 = sum of:
     0.22757478 = product of:
       1.1378739 = sum of:
         0.05737841 = weight(abstract_txt:considers in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05737841 = score(doc=106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.102776155 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.104322 = idf(docFreq=732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.55828524 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.104322 = idf(docFreq=732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
         0.06280881 = weight(abstract_txt:cognitive in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06280881 = score(doc=106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10916257 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0306013 = boost
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.5753695 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.260521 = idf(docFreq=626, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
         0.085590385 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligence in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.085590385 = score(doc=106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13417657 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1425946 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.6378937 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
         0.09516414 = weight(abstract_txt:artificial in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09516414 = score(doc=106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14400434 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1837 = boost
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.6608422 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
         0.83693206 = weight(abstract_txt:hypertext in 106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.83693206 = score(doc=106,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.50914425 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.451478 = boost
               5.6804442 = idf(docFreq=411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             1.6438015 = fieldWeight in 106, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.6804442 = idf(docFreq=411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=106)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

3. Ma, Y.: Internet: the global flow of information (1995) 0.18

   0.18309695 = sum of:
     0.18309695 = product of:
       0.7629039 = sum of:
         0.027824236 = weight(abstract_txt:these in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027824236 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07992553 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2471296 = boost
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.348127 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
         0.13243535 = weight(abstract_txt:meanings in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13243535 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17949925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3215547 = boost
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.7378045 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
         0.16664739 = weight(abstract_txt:interpretations in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16664739 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20921479 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.426757 = boost
               7.282627 = idf(docFreq=82, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.79653734 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.282627 = idf(docFreq=82, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
         0.04229728 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04229728 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10566837 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4339741 = boost
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.40028328 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
         0.07736909 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07736909 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18091674 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2980201 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.4276502 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
         0.3163306 = weight(abstract_txt:hypertext in 4780) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3163306 = score(doc=4780,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.50914425 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.451478 = boost
               5.6804442 = idf(docFreq=411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.6212986 = fieldWeight in 4780, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6804442 = idf(docFreq=411, maxDocs=44421)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4780)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. San Segundo, R.: ¬A new conception of representation of knowledge (2004) 0.18

   0.18088749 = sum of:
     0.18088749 = product of:
       0.5652734 = sum of:
         0.042795192 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligence in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042795192 = score(doc=4077,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13417657 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1425946 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.31894684 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.04758207 = weight(abstract_txt:artificial in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04758207 = score(doc=4077,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14400434 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1837 = boost
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.3304211 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.013912118 = weight(abstract_txt:these in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013912118 = score(doc=4077,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07992553 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2471296 = boost
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.1740635 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1828754 = idf(docFreq=5006, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.066217676 = weight(abstract_txt:meanings in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.066217676 = score(doc=4077,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17949925 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3215547 = boost
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.36890224 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7456408 = idf(docFreq=141, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.050914764 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050914764 = score(doc=4077,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.09922472 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3895646 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.51312584 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.02114864 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02114864 = score(doc=4077,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10566837 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4339741 = boost
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.20014164 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6597328 = idf(docFreq=3107, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.0547082 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0547082 = score(doc=4077,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18091674 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2980201 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.30239436 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
         0.26799476 = weight(abstract_txt:representation in 4077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.26799476 = score(doc=4077,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.28717342 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8952534 = boost
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.93321574 = fieldWeight in 4077, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4077)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

5. Chen, J.: Artificial intelligence (2009) 0.16

   0.15745977 = sum of:
     0.15745977 = product of:
       0.5623563 = sum of:
         0.04101747 = weight(abstract_txt:education in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04101747 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10283114 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0002675 = boost
               5.105687 = idf(docFreq=731, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.3988818 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.105687 = idf(docFreq=731, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.08645933 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligence in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08645933 = score(doc=734,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13417657 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1425946 = boost
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.64436984 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.8321705 = idf(docFreq=353, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.06797439 = weight(abstract_txt:artificial in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06797439 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14400434 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1837 = boost
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.4720301 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.0419855 = idf(docFreq=286, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.13061486 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13061486 = score(doc=734,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15432397 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2253792 = boost
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.846368 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.25473 = idf(docFreq=231, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.047616486 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.047616486 = score(doc=734,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.09922472 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3895646 = boost
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.47988534 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.5463927 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.07815457 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07815457 = score(doc=734,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18091674 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2980201 = boost
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.43199193 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9099448 = idf(docFreq=2419, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
         0.11051918 = weight(abstract_txt:representation in 734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11051918 = score(doc=734,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28717342 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8952534 = boost
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.020135123 = queryNorm
             0.3848517 = fieldWeight in 734, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.9261017 = idf(docFreq=875, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=734)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)