Document (#11117)

Author

Dubois, C.P.R.

Title

Free text vs. controlled vocabulary; a reassessment

Source

Online review. 11(1987), S.243-253

Year

1987

Abstract

Free text and controlled vocabulary searching can no longer be viewed as antagonistic techniques in information retrieval since they both display advantages and weaknesses dependent on a fairly wide range of context, with the option to use both increasingly favoured. An attempt is made to present a list of features associated with the two techniques and to suggest a methodology to assist in deciding on the optimal retrieval technique for a particular purpose. The relevance of the techniques in expert systems and full text contexts is also discussed. Finally, recommendations for further research are suggested, concentrating on survey techniques in real-life retrieval situations

Theme

Volltextretrieval

Similar documents (author)

1. Dubois, C.P.R.: Text retrieval 92 : summary of papers and trends (1993) 6.19

   6.1935673 = sum of:
     6.1935673 = weight(author_txt:dubois in 6254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       6.1935673 = fieldWeight in 6254, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=6254)
   

2. Schulz-DuBois, E.O.: Arbeiten deutscher Wissenschaftler, die weltweit am häufigsten zitiert wurden (1984) 4.95

   4.954854 = sum of:
     4.954854 = weight(author_txt:dubois in 358) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.954854 = fieldWeight in 358, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=358)
   

3. Dubois, D.; Prade, H.: Measuring and updating information (1991) 4.95

   4.954854 = sum of:
     4.954854 = weight(author_txt:dubois in 4105) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.954854 = fieldWeight in 4105, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4105)
   

4. Bosc, P.; Dubois, D.; Prade, H.: Fuzzy functional dependencies and redundancy elimination (1998) 3.72

   3.7161405 = sum of:
     3.7161405 = weight(author_txt:dubois in 1590) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.7161405 = fieldWeight in 1590, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.909708 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44421)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1590)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Srinivasan, P.: Optimal document-indexing vocabulary for MEDLINE (1996) 0.19

   0.18549292 = sum of:
     0.18549292 = product of:
       0.7728872 = sum of:
         0.06358981 = weight(abstract_txt:contexts in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06358981 = score(doc=6702,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.118106596 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.5384103 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
         0.08463291 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08463291 = score(doc=6702,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.12983619 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8160235 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.6518438 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
         0.10345585 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10345585 = score(doc=6702,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20583972 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8669922 = boost
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.5026039 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
         0.15383406 = weight(abstract_txt:controlled in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15383406 = score(doc=6702,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21283881 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8984683 = boost
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.7227726 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
         0.20459986 = weight(abstract_txt:free in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20459986 = score(doc=6702,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.22486523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9513675 = boost
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.9098777 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
         0.16277467 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 6702) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16277467 = score(doc=6702,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.17541377 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1108403 = boost
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.92794687 = fieldWeight in 6702, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6702)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Velios, A.; St.John, K.: Linked conservation data: : the adoption and use of vocabularies in the field of heritage conservation for publishing conservation records as linked data (2021) 0.15

   0.14930564 = sum of:
     0.14930564 = product of:
       0.46658015 = sum of:
         0.042393204 = weight(abstract_txt:recommendations in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042393204 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.118106596 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.35894018 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.051631536 = weight(abstract_txt:assist in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.051631536 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13469559 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0679222 = boost
               6.133123 = idf(docFreq=261, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.38332018 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.133123 = idf(docFreq=261, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.024678415 = weight(abstract_txt:both in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024678415 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10374444 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3254408 = boost
               3.8060317 = idf(docFreq=2684, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.23787698 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.8060317 = idf(docFreq=2684, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.06897057 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06897057 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20583972 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8669922 = boost
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.33506927 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.07251807 = weight(abstract_txt:controlled in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07251807 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21283881 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8984683 = boost
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.34071827 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.07875052 = weight(abstract_txt:free in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07875052 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22486523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9513675 = boost
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.3502121 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.044301648 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044301648 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17541377 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1108403 = boost
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.25255513 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
         0.08333616 = weight(abstract_txt:techniques in 1581) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08333616 = score(doc=1581,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.29420653 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1565964 = boost
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.28325734 = fieldWeight in 1581, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1581)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. Z39.19-2005: Guidelines for the construction, format, and management of monolingual controlled vocabularies (2005) 0.14

   0.14005233 = sum of:
     0.14005233 = product of:
       0.5835514 = sum of:
         0.052991502 = weight(abstract_txt:recommendations in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.052991502 = score(doc=1708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.118106596 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.44867522 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.743043 = idf(docFreq=386, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
         0.08479409 = weight(abstract_txt:display in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08479409 = score(doc=1708,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.128244 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.042033 = boost
               5.98444 = idf(docFreq=303, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.66119343 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.98444 = idf(docFreq=303, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
         0.03526371 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03526371 = score(doc=1708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12983619 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8160235 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.27160156 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
         0.14932567 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14932567 = score(doc=1708,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.20583972 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8669922 = boost
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.7254463 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
         0.15700623 = weight(abstract_txt:controlled in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15700623 = score(doc=1708,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21283881 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8984683 = boost
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.7376767 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
         0.104170196 = weight(abstract_txt:techniques in 1708) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.104170196 = score(doc=1708,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.29420653 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1565964 = boost
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.35407168 = fieldWeight in 1708, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1708)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Jones, I.; Cunliffe, D.; Tudhope, D.: Natural language processing and knowledge organization systems as an aid to retrieval (2004) 0.13

   0.12811734 = sum of:
     0.12811734 = product of:
       0.53382224 = sum of:
         0.03526371 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03526371 = score(doc=3677,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12983619 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8160235 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.27160156 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
         0.08621321 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08621321 = score(doc=3677,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20583972 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8669922 = boost
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.4188366 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
         0.09064759 = weight(abstract_txt:controlled in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09064759 = score(doc=3677,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21283881 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8984683 = boost
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.42589784 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
         0.13921256 = weight(abstract_txt:free in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13921256 = score(doc=3677,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22486523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9513675 = boost
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.61909336 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
         0.07831499 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07831499 = score(doc=3677,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17541377 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1108403 = boost
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.4464586 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
         0.104170196 = weight(abstract_txt:techniques in 3677) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.104170196 = score(doc=3677,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.29420653 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1565964 = boost
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.35407168 = fieldWeight in 3677, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5321174 = idf(docFreq=1298, maxDocs=44421)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3677)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Boyce, B.R.; McLain, J.P.: Entry point depth and online search using a controlled vocabulary (1989) 0.13

   0.12509416 = sum of:
     0.12509416 = product of:
       0.62547076 = sum of:
         0.073294245 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2286) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.073294245 = score(doc=2286,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.12983619 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8160235 = boost
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.5645132 = fieldWeight in 2286, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4765 = idf(docFreq=3732, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2286)
         0.17919078 = weight(abstract_txt:vocabulary in 2286) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17919078 = score(doc=2286,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.20583972 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8669922 = boost
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.8705355 = fieldWeight in 2286, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.3611083 = idf(docFreq=566, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2286)
         0.18840748 = weight(abstract_txt:controlled in 2286) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18840748 = score(doc=2286,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21283881 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8984683 = boost
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.88521206 = fieldWeight in 2286, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.4514923 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2286)
         0.11812578 = weight(abstract_txt:free in 2286) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11812578 = score(doc=2286,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.22486523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9513675 = boost
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.52531815 = fieldWeight in 2286, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6033936 = idf(docFreq=444, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2286)
         0.06645247 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 2286) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06645247 = score(doc=2286,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17541377 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1108403 = boost
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.02056516 = queryNorm
             0.3788327 = fieldWeight in 2286, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.040882 = idf(docFreq=2122, maxDocs=44421)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2286)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)